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1、原因,结果reason(s)(for);result(s);cause(s)(of);effect;consequence(s);analysis(about)异同点difference(s);similarity(similarities)优缺点advantage(s)/benefit(s);disadvantage(s);strength(s);weakness(es)观点与态度opinion(s)(on/about);view(on/about);viewpoint;idea;attitude(s)(to/towards)目的purpose(s);aim(s);goal(s)
2、建议advice,suggestion(s);tip(s)方式,方法：means(of);way(s)(todo/ofdoing);method(s)(of);solution(s)tosth;approach(es)(todoingsth.);how(todo)评论、评价comment(on/about),remark(on/upon),assessment精神,身体mentally,physically积极,消极positive,negative;optimistic,pessimistic影响influence(s),impact(s),effect(s)(on);动词：af
3、fect;impact;influence概括、总结:summary,conclusion定义主题definition(定义);theme(主题);topic(话题);concept概念;meaning意思种类kind,type,category,class特点feature(s);characteristic(s)比较:contrast(s);comparison(s)betweenAandB来源用途source(来源)；origin(起源)；use;usage;function(功能)情形,状况situation;condition过程,步骤step(s);procedure(
4、s);process措施,行动step(s);measure(s);action反应response(tosth);reaction(tosth)情节plot实现，完成reach,realize,accomplish时期period;time花费,开销cost;expense反对,支持者supporter,opponent反对，支持befor;beagainst;beinfavor/supportof天气与气候weather[u]/climate[c]位置location责任,义务(take)responsibility；duty（义务）必要，必需must/necessity3日程
5、计划schedule/agenda背景setting，background个人,个人的individual百分比percentage;percent方面aspect注意：1.字母大小写2.名词的数（单复数）和格3.动词的形式,时态,语态4形容词副词的比较级和最高级5.连词，介词（介词后加动名词或名词）1.makefulluseof=makethemostof=takeadvantageof=makeuseof2.parentalattention=withthehelp/aid/assistanceofparents3.opposethemove=beagainstthemove=
6、objectto=disagreewith=beopposedtodoing4.consider…=take…intoconsideration/account5.atthebeginning=atfirst=firstofall=firstandforemost6.beresponsiblefor=take/shoulder/bearresponsibilityfor7.sincethebeginningofhumanevolution=throughouthumanhistory8.Americanshavebeenmigratingsouthandwestfordecades
7、insearchofbetterjobopportunities.=Americanshavebeenmigratingsouthandwestfordecades,seekingabetterjob./searching/lookingforabetterjob.9.housing-relatedreasons=reasonsrelated/linked/relevantto/connectedwithhousing10.sth.benefitsb.=bebenef
