ACT各单项介绍-ACT阅读-主旨题.ppt

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1、一.主旨的定义主旨=主题（KW）+方向（正负感情色彩）+关系词（逻辑）一.主旨的定义Whyyoumaywondershouldspidersbeourfriends?Becausetheydestroysomanyinsects,andinsectsincludesomeofthegreatestenemiesofthehumanrace.Insectswouldmakeitimpossibleforustoliveintheworld.Theywoulddevourallourcrops,andkillourflocksandherds,ifitwerenotfortheprotec

2、tionwegetfrominsect-eatinganimals.Weowealottothebirdsandbeastswhoeatinsectsbutallofthemputtogetherkillonlyafractionofthenumberdestroyedbyspiders.Moreover,unlikesomeoftheotherinsect-eaters,spidersneverdotheleastharmtousorourbelongings.一.主旨的定义“主题”是这段话讲的事物（spiders）“方向”是该事物是好是坏（friends）“关系词”是维持或者改变方

3、向的标志（Because、and和Moreover）。二.如何掌握主旨错误方法：匀速阅读，精读每个单词和句子正确方法：变速阅读，先慢后快二.如何掌握主旨汉语族人的思维方式是“螺旋式”的，喜欢画龙点睛，“Savethebestforthelast”。英语族人的思维方式是“直线式”的，喜欢直入主题，“Saywhatyouwanttosay,thensaywhy”。70%-80%的英语段落都是首句是主题句二.如何掌握主旨变速阅读：精读首句（把握首句的“主题”和“方向”）浏览全段（把握全段的“关系词”），二.如何掌握主旨Alltheseactivitiesmayhavedamagingenvi

4、ronmentalimpacts.Forexample,landclearingforagricultureisthelargestsinglecauseofdeforestation;chemicalfertilizersandpesticidesmaycontaminatewatersupplies;moreintensivefarmingandtheabandonmentoffallowperiodstendtoexacerbatesoilerosion;二.如何掌握主旨andthespreadofmonocultureanduseofhigh-yieldingvarieties

5、ofcropshavebeenaccompaniedbythedisappearanceofoldvarietiesoffoodplantswhichmighthaveprovidedsomeinsuranceagainstpestsordiseasesinfuture.二.如何掌握主旨精读首句：主题是“environmentalimpacts”方向是“damaging”（负向）浏览全段关系词：Forexample及四个并列的分句维持着首句的方向。主旨：“环境影响是破坏性的”二.如何掌握主旨Dramaissometimesseenasabranchofliteraturebecause

6、plays，likeliterature,areoftenprintedinbookform.However,thereisanimportantdifferencebetweenthetwoforms.Unlikeanovel，aplayiswrittentobeperformed,andthescriptofaplayisnotafinishedwork；itisanoutlineforaperformance.二.如何掌握主旨Thephysicalproductionoftheplay--thescenery,lighting，andcostumes--willaffectthe

7、performance,andsowilltheactors.Howtheactorsinterprettheirrolesgreatlyinfluencestheplay’seffectontheaudience.二.如何掌握主旨精读首句：主题是“drama”和“literature”方向是“abranch”主旨是“戏剧与文学的相同点”因果关系词because和类比关系词like都是维持方向的。二.如何掌握主旨浏览全段：转折关系词：Howev