知识高效管理－Building Knowledge Management Capabilities_麦肯锡.pdf

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1、CONFIDENTIALBuildingKnowledgeManagementCapabilitiesMcKinseyNonprofitPracticeAugust2001CONTENTS•Whyknowledgemanagement(KM)isimportant•Frameworkforknowledgemanagement•McKinseyNonprofitPracticeexample1McKINSEYCOREBELIEFSONKNOWLEDGE-BASEDSTRATEGIES1.Knowledge-basedstrategiesbeginwithstrategy,

2、notknowledge2.Knowledge-basedstrategiesarenotstrategiesunlessyoulinkthemtomeasuresofperformance3.Executingaknowledge-basedstrategyisnotaboutmanagingknowledge,itisaboutnurturingpeoplewithknowledge4.Organizationsleverageknowledgethroughnetworksofpeoplewhocollaborate,notthroughnetworksoftech

3、nologythatinterconnect5.Peoplenetworksleverageknowledgethroughorganizational‘pull’,ratherthancentralisedinformation‘push’Source:"StrategyasifKnowledgeMattered"BrookeManvilleandNathanielFoote,May19962STAGESOFKMANDPERFORMANCEPossibleperformanceimpactNewUseofKeyBestFactsandleadinglearningles

4、sonspracticeisinformationedgearesharedarethinkingcapturedwidelyavailableiscreatedandacrosstheandusedandleveragedbusinesssharedLearningcultureandorientation3COMMONSYMPTOMSOFKNOWLEDGEMANAGEMENTPROBLEMSSymptomConsequences•Frequent"reinvention•Samemistakesrepeated;nolearningfrompastexperience

5、ofthewheel"•Slowtorolloutsuccessfulinnovation•Failureto•Erosionofexistingcorecompetenciesgeneratenewideas•Failuretogeneratenewcompetencies,intellectualassetsandinsights•Failureto•Viciouscircleofpoorerperformanceleadingtodecliningattract/retainreputation,attractingweakertalent,andhencegene

6、ratingoutstandingpeoplepoorerperformance•Insularityandinward-•Failuretoleverageexternalexpertiselookingfocus•Tendencytowardsorganizationalinertiaandintellectualsterility•Emphasisongutfeel•Keydecisionsoftenturnouttobewrongindecisionmaking•Littletransferofknowledgebetweenindividuals•Over-re

7、lianceona•Potentialbottlenecksinaccessingexistingknowledgefewkeyexperts•Lossofinstitutionalknowledge/memorywhentheyleave4BARRIERSTOEFFECTIVEKMPeople•Lackoftimetocodifyandsharelearning•Rapidjobrotationsorhighturnover•Lossofinstitutionalmemory•Littleencouragementofspe