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1、计算机英语TheOperatingSystemLessonOneSummaryofoperatingsystemAnoperatingsystemservesasaninterface,bridgingthegapbetweenhardwareandapplicationsoftware.Thus,aswemovefromhardwaretosoftware,it’sappropriatethatweconsidertheoperatingsystemfirst.serve服务，供应interface界面br
2、idgen.桥；vt.架桥gapn.缺口，缝隙thusadv.因而，从而，如此appropriateadj.适当的considervt.考虑，照顾，认为Whatexactlydoseanoperatingsystemdo?Basically,itperformsanumberofsupportfunctions.exactlybasicallysupportadv.正确地严密地adv.基本上主要地v.支持，维持n.支持，支持者Iftheapplicationprogramistobeloaded,therem
3、ustbeaprograminmemorytocontroltheloadingprocess.Thatprogramistheoperatingsystem.Typically,theoperatingsystemisstoredondisk.Thisobjectiveisachievedbyaspecialprogramcalledaboot.adv.代表性地n.目标，目的adj.客观的v.完成，到达Generally,thebootisstoredonthefirstsector(ortwo)ofadi
4、sk.Hardwareisdesignedtoreadthissectorautomaticallywheneverthepoweristurnedon.Thebootconsistsofonlyafewinstructions,buttheyaresufficienttoreadtherestoftheoperatingsystemintomemory;notehowitisseemingly“pulledinbyitsownbootstraps”.Now,ausercantypethecommandsto
5、loadandexecuteanapplicationprogram.generallysectordesignedautomaticallyconsistsofinstructionssufficientrestnoteseeminglyowntypeloadexecuteLoadingprogramsisonlyoneoftheoperatingsystem’smanysupportfunctions.Basically,itisacollectionofsoftwaremodulesthatinsula
6、tetheuserfromthehardware,thusmakingthesystemeasiertouse.Let’sinvestigatetheprimaryfunctionsofatypicaloperatingsystem.collectionn.收藏，搜集品modulen.模块insulatevt.使绝缘，隔离investigatev.调查，研究primaryadj.第一位的，主要的Theoperatingsystemisacollectionofprogramsdesignedtomanaget
7、hesystem’sresources,namely,memory,processors,devices,andinformation(programanddata).n.资源，财力，办法，智谋MemoryManagementFunctionsKeeptrackofthememory.Whatpartsareinuseandbywhom?Whatpartsarefree?Ifmultiprogramming,decidewhichprocessgetsmemory,whenitgetsitandhowmuch
8、.Allocatethememory,andreclaimthememorywhentheprocessnolongerneedsitorhasbeenterminated.keeptrackof明了freeadj.自由的，免费的，空闲的multiprogramming多道程序allocatevt.分派，分配reclaimvt.要求归还，收回nolonger不再terminatev.停止，结束，终止
