外贸英语函电10Unit Ten Complaints and Claims.docx

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1、UnitTenComplaintsandClaims【基本要求】本单元主要主要学习贸易问题，出现贸易问题的原因，索赔原因以及申诉。【重点难点】掌握索赔函的书写【讲授学时】2学时【课程内容】Ⅰ.BriefIntroduction1.IssuesinTradeLossesordamagesininternationaltradearenotonlyconfinedto(局限于)bothexportersandimporters.Generallyspeaking，therearethreepossibilities.1）Iftheinsurerisheldre

2、sponsibleforthelosses，theclaimincurrediscalled“InsuranceClaim”.2）Ifthecarrier（承运人）isheldresponsibleforthelosses，theclaimincurrediscalled“TransportationClaim”.3）Ifthetrader（eithertheimporterortheexporter）isheldResponsible，theclaimiscalled“TradeClaim”.4）Incasetheresponsibilityisnoty

3、etmadesurewhetheritisthefaultofthecarrier（theshippingcompany）ortheresponsibilityoftheinsurer，claimscanbelodgedagainstbothofthem，reservingtherightofclaim.Theparty，whoisresponsibleforaclaimistheclaimed/claimee（被索赔人），hilethepartywholodgestheclaimistheclaimant（索赔人）.5）Anyissueintrading

4、isusuallysettledamicablybetweenbothsidesofthetransaction.Ifnocompromise（和解）canbemadebetweenthem，theissueshouldgotoarbitration（仲裁）.Thiswillbedoneinaccordancewiththearbitrationclauseinthecontract.Ifthereisnosuchacontract，aprovisional（临时的）arbitratorisneeded.2.RepliestoEnquiriesThecau

5、sesoftradeissuesusuallyseenareasfollows:1）Notfulfillingthecontract（不履行和约）2）Delayindelivery（延迟交货）3）Thespecificationsofgoodsarenotincompliancewiththecontract（货物不符）4）Commissionnotyetpaid（欠交佣金）5）Shortageofgoods(短装)6）Nocontractismade(拒签合约)7）Samplenotyetsent(未交样品)8）Illpacking(包装不良)3.Cau

6、sesforClaim1）Thesellerisheldresponsibleforthefollowingclaims:—Non-deliveryorpart-delivery—Delayindelivery/shipment—Inferiororwrongquality—Wrongquantity—Insufficientpacking—Failureinenteringintocontract—Non-fulfilmentofcontract—Discrepanciesinspecification2）Thebuyerisheldresponsibl

7、eforthefollowing:—RefusetoopenanL/C—DelayinopeningL/C—Delayinpayment—Commissionunpaid—Failureinenteringintocontract—Non-fulfilmentofcontract3）Thecarrierisheldresponsibleforthefollowing:—Short-landed—Goodsmissing—Roughhandling—Others4）Theinsurerisheldresponsibleforthefollowing:—Goo

8、dssufferlossesordamagesintransitb