初三被动语态专项复习.doc

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1、被动语态专项复习一、1.含义：语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句中主语和谓语动词的关系。如果主语是动词的执行者，则使用__________语态，如果主语是动作的承受者，则使用____________语态。2.主动语态变被动语态主动语态：Theboybrokethewindowyesterday.动作执行者动词主动形式动作承受者被动语态：Thewindowwasbrokenbytheboyyesterday.动作承受者动词被动形式动作执行者3.构成：(1)肯定句：主语+be+过去分词（+by…）英语被许多人说。English____________________________

2、_________manypeople.(2)否定句：主语+benot+过去分词（+by…）这条路不经常被使用。Thisroad________________________veryoften.(3)一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词（+by…）？那座桥是被建在长江上吗？___________thatbridge_____________overtheChangjiangRiver?(4)特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+过去分词（+by…）？电话是什么时候被发明的？___________________________thetelephone_______________？4

3、.注意人称，时态和数的变化。时态主动语态被动语态结构一般现在时give/gives一般过去时gave 一般将来时shall/willgive 被动语态（二）二、被动语态的特殊情况Ⅰ.动词(表示主语的属性特征)+副词:(well/badly/easily…),当他们与相应的副词连用的时候用主动表被动。此类动词有：write,sell,clean,wash等词做不及物动词时，如：Thebooksellswell.(1)这种食物尝起来好卖的也好.Thisfoodtastes_______and________well.(2)这支笔写的很糟/流畅.Thispen________bad

4、ly/smoothly.(3)这家商店八点营业.Theshop_________at8a.m.Ⅱ.want/need+doing相当于want/need+tobedone你的衣服需要洗。Yourclothesneed__________.=Yourclothesneed______________________.Ⅲ.在beworthdoing中，doing表被动意义Thisbookisworth_____________.(read)Thisstampisworth_____________.(collect)2.see,hear,make等动词后作宾补的不定式都不带to；

5、但改成被动语态后必须带to。Thebossmadehimworkallday.He___________________________allday(bytheboss).Ioftenhearhersingthissong.She_____often_________________________thissong(byme).3.动词短语变为被动语态时，不能丢掉动词后的介词或副词。Shetakescareofthebabyeveryday.Thebaby__________________________byhereveryday.Peopleshouldspeaktoth

6、eoldpolitely.Theold_______________________politelybypeople.()Thisdictionarymustn’t________________thelibrary.A.takeawayB.betakenawayC.betakenawayfrom4.用于词组的被动语态．常用于表示＂据说＂或＂相信＂，如：Itissaidthat...(据说...)Itisreportedthat…(据报道...)Itiswell-knownthat…(众所周知)5.含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时(1)Hetoldusastory.→____

7、___were_______astoryby________.(2)用介词to或for引导Hetoldusastory.→___________________told_______usbyhim.Hermothergaveheranewpen.→Anewpen________________________herbyhermother.注意：填介词(to/for)explain/bring/give/lend/offer/pass/sell/send/show/take/teach/tell/writ