初三被动语态专项复习总结

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1、被动语态专项复习1•含义：语态是动词的一种形式，用來说明句中主语和谓语动词的关系。如果主语是动词的执行者，则使用语态，如果主语是动作的承受者，则使用语态。2.主动语态变被动语态主动语态：Theboy动作执行者被动语态：Thewindow动作承受者broke动词主动形式wasbroken动词被动形式thewindowyesterday.动作承受者bytheboyyesterday.动作执行者3.构成：(1)肯定句：主语+be+过去分词(+by...)英语被许多人说。Englishmanypeople.(2)否定句：主语

2、+benot+过去分词(+by...)这条路不经常被使用。Thisroadveryoften.(3)--般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词(+by...)?那座桥是被建在长江上吗？thatbridgeovertheChangjiangRiver?⑷特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+过去分词(+by..电话是什么时巾矣被发明的？thetelephone?4.注意人称，时态和数的变化。时态主动语态被动语态结构一般现在吋give/gives一般过去时gave一般将来时shall/willgive被动语态(二)二、被动语态的特殊情

3、况I.动词(表示主语的属性特征)+副词：(wcll/badly/casily...),当他们与相应的副词连用的时候用主动表被动。此类动词有：write,sell,clean,wash等词做不及物动词时,女口:Thebooksellswell.⑴这种食物尝起来好卖的也好.Thisfoodtastesandwell.(2)这支笔写的很糟/流畅.Thispenbadly/smoothly.(3)这家商店八点营业.Theshopat8a.m.II.want/need+doing相当于want/need+tobedone你的衣

4、服需要洗。Yourclothesneed.=Yourclothesneed.III.在beworthdoing中,doing表被动意义Thisbookisworth.(read)Thisstampisworth・(collect)2.see,hear,make等动词后作宾补的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带to。Thebossmadehimworkallday.Heallday(bytheboss).Ioftenhearhersingthissong.Sheoftenthissong(byme)・3.动词短语

5、变为被动语态时，不能丢掉动词后的介词或副词。Shetakescareofthebabyeveryday・Thebabybyhereveryday.Peopleshouldspeaktotheoldpolitely.Theoldpolitelybypeople・()Thisdictionarymustnthelibrary・A.takeawayB.betakenawayC・betakenawayfrom4.用于词组的被动语态.常用于表示"据说"或”相信"，如：Itissaidthat...(据说…)Itisrepor

6、tedthat...(据报道…)Itiswell-knownthat...(众所周知)5.含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时(1)Hetoldusastory.—wereastoryby.⑵用介词to或for引导Hetoldusastory.—toldusbyhim.Hermothergaveheranewpen.—>Anewpenherbyhermother.注意：填介词(to/for)explain/bring/give/lend/offer/pass/sell/send/show/take/teach/tell/

7、write/retura^ervesthsb.design/build/buy/cook/do/draw/make/order/choose/find/get/preparesthsb.6.不用于被动语态的情况：(1)不及物动词无被动语态•如：appear,die,end,fail,happen,sit,stand,cometrue,fallasleep,takeplace等。()Greatchangesinthelastthreeyears・A.havetakenplaceB・havebeentakenplaceC

8、・havehappened昨天这个城镇发生了一场事故.Anaccidentinthistownyesterday.(2)系动词无被动语态•如:Itsoundsgood.另:be,become,feel,get,grow,keep,look,seem,smell,stay,turn等。被动语态专项习题练习:一、用括号中动词被动结构的适当形式填空。