英美概况期末考简答题.doc

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1、1.     InwhatwaydidPuritanisminfluenceAmericanculture?NewEnglandalsoestablishedanotherAmericantradition—astrainofoftenintolerantmoralism.ThePuritansbelievedthatgovernmentsshouldenforceGod'smorality.Theystrictlypunisheddrunks,adulterers,violatorsoftheSabbathandotherreligiousbelieversdif

2、ferentfromthemselves.RogerWilliams,oneofthePuritantswhoprotestedthatthestateshouldnotinterferewithregion,wasdrivenoutofMassachusetts.In1635,hesetupRhodeIslandcolony,whichguaranteedreligionsfreedomandtheseparationofchurchandstate.ThePuritansalsohaveleftrichculturalheritagetofutureAmeric

3、ans.TheAmericansvaluessuchasindividualism,hardwork,respectofeducationoweverymuchtothePuritansbeliefs.2.  WhatarethetwopoliticalpartiesintheUnitedStates?Doyouthinkthetwopoliticalpartiesarefundamentallydifferent?DemocraticPartyandtheRepublicanParty.differences:1、TheDemocraticPartyisregar

4、dedasliberal,whiletheRepublicanPartyconservative.2、Theformeradvocatesthegovernmenttoplayanimportantroleintheeconomyandemphasizingfullemployment;favorscivilrightslaws,astrongsocialsecuritysystemandlessrestrictiveabortionlaws,etc.;ItismoredisposedtosearchoutamethodoflivingwithRussiaandCh

5、inaandtolookforreductioninarmsspending.However,theRepublicanPartyfavorseconomicsystemwhichgivesenterprisesagreaterfreedomanddemandsthegovernmenttocontrolinflation;stressestheneedforlawandorder;opposescompletegovernmentalsocialprogramsandfreechoiceofabortion;favorsastrongmilitaryposture

6、andassertivestandsininternationalrelations.3、DonkeyisthesymboloftheDemocraticPartyandthesymbolof RepublicanPartyisElephant.3.   WhataresomeofthefeaturesinreligionthatareparticularlyAmerican?WhataresomeofthemajordifferencesbetweenAmericanreligionandreligioninEurope?SomephenomenainAmeric

7、anreligionareuniquelyAmerican.Firstofall,Americanswithdifferentreligionslivetogetherunderthesamelaw.Thatistosay,theyclaimthevarietyofbeliefs.Secondly,thereligionsbeliefsofAmericanscontinuetobestrongwithsocialprogress.Theyemphasizeonsocialprogblemsandhumanitarianideals.Thirdly,intheUS