北工大研究生英语考试复习.ppt

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1、研究生英语考试复习——PPT整理BySherry（根据郎老师ppt内容整理）1.Introduction1.StructureofIntroduction2.1Howexactlydoyouwrite“openingsentences”2.2Typesofagap/need2.3Howtooccupythegap/need1.StructureofIntroductionSwalesandFeak(1994)postulateda3-movestructureofresearchpaperint

2、roductions,asshownbelow.CARS(Create-a-Research-Space)modelNecessityoffurtherresearch(obligatory)2.1Howexactlydoyouwrite“openingsentences”(Move1a)?thegeneralstatementofrelatedsocialbackgroundProblemofsomethingproblemwithsolutionApplicationBeneficialpr

3、opertiesoftheresearchtargetActiveresearchactivityTermexplanationofyourfield(e.g.chemicalnames,definitions,speciesnames)……usuallymorethanoneoftheaboveelementsAttentionto“funnel”structure2.2.Typesofagap/need(Move2)1)Indicateagap(weaknessofthepreviousst

4、udy)2)ContinuingapreviouslydevelopedlineofenquiryBuildingonworkalreadydone,buttakingitfurtherby①extendingtheareastudied②improvingthecurrent…③usinganewsample/method3)Counter-claimingAconflictingclaim,theoryormethodisputforward.2.2languagestrategies(Mo

5、ve2)UsenegativesubjectsNegativeVerbsNegativeAdjectivesContrastivestatementsRaisingaQuestion2.3Howtooccupythegap/need(Move3a)1)Outliningpurpose(obligatory)Theaim/purpose/objective/goalofthispaperisto…Thispaperaimsat…/intendsto…2)Statethenature/focus/

6、thesisofthepresentresearch3)Announcingmethodofpresentresearch.4)Announcingprinciplefindings5)OutlineoftheResearch6)ValueofResearch2.LiteratureReview1.3Functionofliteraturereview2.1Howtoorganizetherevieweditems?2.1What’sthefocusoftheLiteratureReview1.

7、3FunctionofliteraturereviewliteraturereviewmayIndicatewhothemainwritersareinaparticularareaEvaluatepreviousstudiesIdentifyagapinpreviousstudy.ProvideacleartheoreticalframeworkDefineyourterms,drawingonotherwriters’definition2.1Howtoorganizethereviewed

8、items?Thebodyofthereviewdependsonhowyouhaveorganizedyourkeypoints.Typicalwaysoforganizingthesourcesintoareview:ChronologicalTrendImportance/value/authorityClassificationRelationshipwiththepaperProblemandsolutionComparisonandcontrast……2.1What’sthefocu