资源描述：
《古希腊文化论文英文版.doc》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、AncientGreekmedicineThisarticleisaboutthescienceandartofhealing.Forpharmaceuticaldrugs,seeMedication.Forotheruses,seeMedicine(disambiguation).StatueofAsclepius,theGreekgodofmedicine,holdingthesymbolicRodofAsclepiuswithitscoiledserpentMedicineistheappliedscienceorpracticeofthediagnosis,treatment,a
2、ndpreventionofdisease.[1]Itencompassesavarietyofhealthcarepracticesevolvedtomaintainandrestorehealthbythepreventionandtreatmentofillnessinhumanbeings.Contemporarymedicineapplieshealthscience,biomedicalresearch,andmedicaltechnologytodiagnoseandtreatinjuryanddisease,typicallythroughmedicationorsurg
3、ery,butalsothroughtherapiesasdiverseaspsychotherapy,externalsplints&traction,prostheses,biologics,ionizingradiationandothers.ThewordmedicineisderivedfromtheLatinarsmedicina,meaningtheartofhealingHistoryPrehistoricmedicineincorporatedplants(herbalism),animalpartsandminerals.Inmanycasesthesemateria
4、lswereusedrituallyasmagicalsubstancesbypriests,shamans,ormedicinemen.Well-knownspiritualsystemsincludeanimism(thenotionofinanimateobjectshavingspirits),spiritualism(anappealtogodsorcommunionwithancestorspirits);shamanism(thevestingofanindividualwithmysticpowers);anddivination(magicallyobtainingth
5、etruth).Thefieldofmedicalanthropologyexaminesthewaysinwhichcultureandsocietyareorganizedaroundorimpactedbyissuesofhealth,healthcareandrelatedissues.AnancientGreekpatientgetsmedicaltreatment:thisaryballos(circa480–470BCE,nowinParis'sLouvreMuseum)probablycontainedhealingoilTheGreekphysicianHippocra
6、tes(ca.460BCE–ca.370BCE),consideredthefatherofmedicine.[4][5]Persianpolymath,Avicenna,who,alongwithImhotepandHippocrates,hasbeencalledthe"fatherofmedicine"EarlyrecordsonmedicinehavebeendiscoveredfromancientEgyptianmedicine,Babylonianmedicine,Ayurvedicmedicine(intheIndiansubcontinent),classicalChi
7、nesemedicine(predecessortothemoderntraditionalChineseMedicine),andancientGreekmedicineandRomanmedicine.TheEgyptianImhotep(3rdmillenniumBC)isthefirstphysicianinhistoryknownbyname.Earliestrecordsofdedicatedhospitalscomef
