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1、GrammarTheRelativeClause定语从句定语从句的基本概念1定语从句是整个句子充当定语,来修饰名词或代词。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟先行词。定从一般用关系代词或关系副词引导，关系词在含义上替代先行词,并在定语从句中充当一个成分。定语从句的基本概念2Themanwhocametoseemethismorningismycousin.今天早晨来看我的人是我表弟.先行词定语从句关系代词作主语，不可省定语从句的基本概念3关系代词：代人:who（主语/宾语），whom（宾语）代物:which（主语/宾语）代人或物:that(主语/宾语)Whose
2、某人的/某物的,（先行词的所有格)；关系代词在从句中做主语，不能省略;做宾语，可以省略。定语从句的基本概念4关系副词：Where表示地点，在定从中作地点状语;When表示时间，在定从中作时间状语;Why表示原因，在定从中作原因状语。关系代词whichwho/whomthat关系副词whenwherewhy诀窍:先找定语从句所修饰的先行词;再判断定从里缺少成分吗?如缺成分,缺的是什么成分?主语还是宾语?1.Doyouknowthelady_____gaveusaspeechlastweek?(who,that)2.Thebook______costme1,200yuanis
3、anencyclopaedia.(which,that)3.Heisaman_____weshouldlearnfrom.(whom,who,that,/)4.Thatistheplace______Iwasborn.(where)15.Thetool______heisworkingwithiscalledatinopener.(which,that,/)Thetoolwith_____heisworkingiscalledatin-opener.(which)eg:ThebookisforthepeoplewhosenativelanguageisnotEnglish
4、.eg:whosecoverisred.Iboughtabook｛thecoverofwhichisred.ofwhichthecoverisred.eg:Childernwhoseparentsaredeadarecalledorphans.16.Thegiftwassentbyherson____isservinginthearmy.(who,that)17.Thegiftwassentbyherson,whoisservinginthearmy.(16,限制性定从,限定作用;17,非限制性定从,补充修饰作用)18.Howmanystudentsarethereiny
5、ourclass_____homesareinPudongnewarea?(whose)19.Theyhaveinvitedustovisittheirschool,whichisverykindofthem.(非限制性定从中的which还可以指代前面一句话!!!)20.Theroadwaswidened,whichwasexactlywhatwewanted.只用that,不能用which的5种情况A.当先行词是不定代词时(anything，everything，nothing，all，little)1.Doyouhaveanythingthatyoudon’tunde
6、rstand?2.Everythingthatcanbedonehasbeendone.3.I’mnotinterestedinallthathetoldme.=I’mnotinterestedinwhathetoldme.（宾从）B.当先行词被最高级形容词所修饰时,1.ThisisthehighestbuildingthatIhaveeverseen.2.Doyouthinkthisisthemostpowerfulcomputerthathaseverbeeninvented?C.当先行词被序数词修饰时1.Thesecondquestionthatwasdiscuss
7、edatthemeetingwasthemostimportant.2.Thisisthelastbookthatisonmyreadinglist.D.当先行词被all，no，only，any，very，just，much等词修饰时ThisistheverybookthatI’vebeenlookingfor.ThisistheonlyexamplethatIcangiveyou.E.当先行词由人和物共同组成Herearethepeopleandthebooksthat/OIlove.不能用that的两种情况A.在非限制性定
