京江学院语法讲义-华荣版.doc

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1、Lecture21–ingParticiple(I)–Gerund(动名词)TeachingObjective:Tomakestudentsmasterthegrammaticalfunctionsofgerundorverbalnoun,includingitstenseandvoice;theuseofitslogicalsubjects,thatis,thecompoundstructureofgerund(动名词的复合结构);comparisonsbetweentheusesofgerundandthoseofinfinitiveinEng

2、lish.TeachingFocus:1.Grammaticalfunctionsofgerund；2.Compoundstructureofgerund(动名词的复合结构)；3.Comparisonsbetweentheusesofgerundandthoseofinfinitive.TeachingMethod:MassmediaclassroomTeachingHours:90minutesTeachingContent:ØTheterm“–ingParticiple”hereisusedtoincludeboththetraditional

3、“presentparticiple(现在分词)”and“gerund/verbalnoun（动名词）”.ØInthislecture,wewillcometothegerundfirst.1．动名词兼有名词和动词的双重特征，故其有以下时态和语态的变化：时态/语态主动语态被动语态一般式(not)v-ing(not)beingv-ed完成式(not)having+p.p.(not)havingbeen+p.p.2.Grammaticalfunctionsofgerunds:由于动名词具有名词的属性，故而动名词也可以充当一般名词所具备的语法功能，如充当

4、主语、宾语、补语（包括表语），以及充当名词修饰语。A．Gerundsusedassubjects:1)–Ididitagain.Isleptuntilnoon.-__D____throughthealarmseemstobeyourbiggestproblem.（泛指）A.AsleepB.TosleepC.TobeasleepD.SleepingCf.___C____thestructureoftheplantisnecessaryforeverystudentlearningagriculture.(Infinitiveusedasthesubj

5、ect)（特指）A.StudyingB.StudyC.TostudyD.Studied-__D__isnotaseriousdisadvantageinlife.(TEM4,2001,No.61)A.TobenottallB.NottobetallC.BeingnottallD.Notbeingtall1)Itisnouse___D___;thecompanywon’tdoanythingaboutit.A.youcomplainB.foryoutohavecomplainedC.youhavingcomplainedD.yourcomplaini

6、ngOtherexamples:Itisnogood___B____today’sworkfortomorrow.A.toleaveB.leavingC.thatyouleaveD.leaveNotes:A.动名词常在“Itisnouse/nogood/fun/awasteoftime/agoodpleasure等名词+doing”以及“Itisuseless/nice/good/interesting/worthwhile等形容词+doing”结构中作主语，it为形式主语。e.g.Itisuselessspeaking.It’snousecryi

7、ngoverthespiltmilk.B.另外，动名词也可在“Thereis(was)no+doing”结构中作主语。e.g.Thereisno__B____stillinthislife;onemusteitheradvanceorfallbehind.A.standB.standingC.tostandD.havingstoodOtherexamples:Thereisnoholdingbackthewheelsofhistory.历史的车轮不容倒转。=Itisimpossibletoholdbackthewheelsofhistory.B.G

8、erundsusedasobjects(RefertoTBP226-228,P241-243,P246-248)Suppl