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1、Unit9WhatIsHappiness TextcomprehensionI.AII.1.T; 2.F; 3.F; 4.T; 5.F.III.1.Hemeansthatoneisgiventherighttopursuehappiness,butdoesnotknowwhatitis.2.Becausehebelievesthatcommercialadvertisingnotonlyfailstosatisfyourdesires,butmoreimportantlyitcreatesthem,anditcreatesthemfasterthananyman’sb
2、udgetcansatisfythem.Suchinsatiabilitymakespeopleunhappy.3.Becausehethinksthattheproductsandpursuitsadvertisedonthefrontpagesofwomen’smagazinesaredreamlikeandcan’tbefulfilled.4.HesettwoextremesaccordingtoThoreau,thelowlevelandthehighlevel.Theformerreferstopossessionforitsownsakeorincompetitio
3、nwiththerestoftheneighborhood,whilethelatterreferstoactivedisciplineofheighteningone’sperceptionofwhatisenduringinnature.Tofindbalanceistosavetimeandeffortonthelowlevelsandspendonthehigh.5.Theinherentrightisnothappinessitself,butliesinthepursuitofhappiness,inthepursuitofwhatislife-engagingan
4、dlife-revealing,i.e.intheideaofbecoming. IV.1.JonathanSwiftseemedtosharethisviewwhenhecriticizedthisideaofhappinessasthestateofbeingcompletelycontrolledbydeception.2.Theactiveexerciseortrainingtoimproveone’sunderstandingofwhatisoflastingvaluewouldhavebeenThoreau’sideaofthehighlevels,i.e.spir
5、itualhappiness. StructuralanalysisofthetextPart1(par.1,2):Theauthorpointsoutthatwhenwearenotsurewhathappinessis,wetendtobemisledbytheideathatwecanbuyourwaytoit.Part2(par.3,4,5,6):Theauthoroffersanumberofexamplestoshowhowthismisconceptionofhappinessgivesrisetothe“happiness-market”inahighlycom
6、mercializedsociety(theUnitedStates).Part3(par.7,8,9):TheauthorsuggestsstrikingabalancebetweenwhatThoreaucalledthelowlevelsandthehighlevels.Part4(par.10):Theauthorgiveshisunderstandingofhappiness,inthelightoftheFoundingFathers’beliefthatitis“intheideaofbecoming”. Page172VocabularyI. Phrase1.u
7、n-American:nottypicaloftheattitudes,waysoflife,etc.,thatareapprovedoforconsiderednormalintheUS 2.commercialism:theactivitiesorattitudesofpeoplewhothinkthatmakingaprofitismoreimportantthananythingelse;emphasisonthemaximizingofprofit 商业主义 3.forthatm
