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1、UnitTenTextATheRoadtoHappinessDetailedStudyoftheText:1.AbouttheauthorBertrandArthurWilliamRussell(b.1872–d.1970)wasaBritishphilosopher,logician,essayistandsocialcriticbestknownforhisworkinmathematicallogicandanalyticphilosophy.Hismostinfluentialcontributionsincludehisdefense
2、oflogicism(theviewthatmathematicsisinsomeimportantsensereducibletologic),hisrefiningofthepredicatecalculusintroducedbyGottlobFrege(whichstillformsthebasisofmostcontemporarylogic),hisdefenseofneutralmonism(theviewthattheworldconsistsofjustonetypeofsubstancethatisneitherexclus
3、ivelymentalnorexclusivelyphysical),andhistheoriesofdefinitedescriptionsandlogicalatomism.AlongwithG.E.Moore,Russellisgenerallyrecognizedasoneofthefoundersofmodernanalyticphilosophy.AlongwithKurtGödel,heisregularlycreditedwithbeingoneofthemostimportantlogiciansofthetwentiethc
4、entury.Overthecourseofhislongcareer,Russellmadesignificantcontributions,notjusttologicandphilosophy,buttoabroadrangeofsubjectsincludingeducation,history,politicaltheoryandreligiousstudies.Inaddition,manyofhiswritingsonavarietyoftopicsinboththesciencesandthehumanitieshaveinfl
5、uencedgenerationsofgeneralreaders.Afteralifemarkedbycontroversy—includingdismissalsfrombothTrinityCollege,Cambridge,andCityCollege,NewYork—RussellwasawardedtheOrderofMeritin1949andtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein1950.Notedforhismanyspiritedanti-warandanti-nuclearprotests,Russell
6、remainedaprominentpublicfigureuntilhisdeathattheageof97.2.Thisisonlytrueifyoupursueitunwisely.(para.1)Ifyoupursuehappinessinaninappropriateway,youcannevergetitbypursuing.pursue:makeeffortstoachieveaparticularaimorresultforexample:HewillpursueatradepolicythatprotectsAmericanw
7、orkers.3.Ifyoupursueitbymeansofdrink,youareforgettingthehang-over.(para.1)Ifyoutrytoachievehappinessbydrinkingalot,thatmeansyouforgetthediscomfortcausedbyit.bymeansof:dependon;recurto.hang-over:Ifsomeonewakesupwithahangover,theyfeelsickandhaveaheadachebecausetheyhavedrunkalo
8、tofalcoholthenightbefore.4.Epicuruspursueditbylivingonlyincongenialsocietya
