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1、Unit9WhatIsHappinessKeytotheExercisesTextcomprehensionI.AII.1.T;2.F;3.F;4.T;5.F.III.1.Hemeansthatoneisgiventherighttopursuehappiness,butdoesnotknowwhatitis.2.Becausehebelievesthatcommercialadvertisingnotonlyfailstosatisfyourdesires,butmoreimportantlyitcreatesthem,anditcreat
2、esthemfasterthananyman’sbudgetcansatisfythem.Suchinsatiabilitymakespeopleunhappy.3.Becausehethinksthattheproductsandpursuitsadvertisedonthefrontpagesofwomen’smagazinesaredreamlikeandcan’tbefulfilled.4.HesettwoextremesaccordingtoThoreau,thelowlevelandthehighlevel.Theformerre
3、ferstopossessionforitsownsakeorincompetitionwiththerestoftheneighborhood,whilethelatterreferstoactivedisciplineofheighteningone’sperceptionofwhatisenduringinnature.Tofindbalanceistosavetimeandeffortonthelowlevelsandspendonthehigh.5.Theinherentrightisnothappinessitself,butli
4、esinthepursuitofhappiness,inthepursuitofwhatislife-engagingandlife-revealing,i.e.intheideaofbecoming.IV.1.JonathanSwiftseemedtosharethisviewwhenhecriticizedthisideaofhappinessasthestateofbeingcompletelycontrolledbydeception…2.Theactiveexerciseortrainingtoimproveone’sunderst
5、andingofwhatisoflastingvaluewouldhavebeenThoreau’sideaofthehighlevels,i.e.spiritualhappiness.StructuralanalysisofthetextPart1(Para.1,2):Theauthorpointsoutthatwhenwearenotsurewhathappinessis,wetendtobemisledbytheideathatwecanbuyourwaytoit.Part2(Para.3,4,5,6):Theauthoroffersa
6、numberofexamplestoshowhowthismisconceptionofhappinessgivesrisetothe“happiness-market”inahighlycommercializedsociety(theUnitedStates).Part3(Para.7,8,9):TheauthorsuggestsstrikingabalancebetweenwhatThoreaucalledthelowlevelsandthehighlevels.Part4(Para.10):Theauthorgiveshisunder
7、standingofhappiness,inthelightoftheFoundingFathers’beliefthatitis“intheideaofbecoming”.VocabularyI.Phrase1.un-American:nottypicaloftheattitudes,waysoflife,etc.,thatareapprovedoforconsiderednormalintheUS2.commercialism:theactivitiesorattitudesofpeoplewhothinkthatmakingaprofi
8、tismoreimportantthananythingelse;emphasisonthemaximizingofprofit商业主义3.forthatmatte
