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1、JournalofGeneralVirology(2005),86,15971607DOI10.1099/vir.0.80927-0Molecularidentificationandcharacterizationofnovelcoronavirusesinfectinggraylaggeese(Anseranser),feralpigeons(Columbialivia)andmallards(Anasplatyrhynchos)111ChristineMonceyronJonassen,ToneKofstad,Inger-LiseLarsen,2343
2、AtleLøvland,KjellHandeland,ArneFollestadandAtleLillehaug13SectionforVirologyandSerology1,SectionforPathology2andSectionforWildlifeCorrespondenceChristineMonceyronJonassenDiseases3,NationalVeterinaryInstitute,POBox8156Dep.,N-0033Oslo,Norwaychristine.monceyron-jonassen@4NorwegianIns
3、tituteforNatureResearch,Tungasletta2,N-7485Trondheim,Norwayvetinst.noInlightofthefindingofapreviouslyunknowncoronavirusastheaetiologyofthesevereacuterespiratorysyndrome(SARS),itisprobablethatothercoronaviruses,thanthoserecognizedtodate,arecirculatinginanimalpopulations.Here,theresu
4、ltsofascreeningforcoronavirusarepresented,usingauniversalcoronavirusRT-PCR,ofthebirdspeciesgraylaggoose(Anseranser),feralpigeon(Columbialivia)andmallard(Anasplatyrhynchos).Coronaviruseswerefoundincloacalswabsamplesfromallthethreebirdspecies.Inthegraylaggoose,40of163sampledbirdswer
5、ecoronaviruspositive,whereastwoof100sampledpigeonsandoneoffivesampledmallardstestedpositive.Theinfectedgraylaggeeseshowedlowerbodyweightscomparedwithvirus-negativebirds,suggestingclinicalsignificanceoftheinfection.Phylogeneticanalysesperformedonthereplicasegeneandnucleocapsidprotein
6、sequences,indicatedthatthenovelcoronavirusesdescribedinthepresentstudyallbranchofffromgroupIIIcoronaviruses.Allthenovelaviancoronavirusesharbouredtheconserveds2mRNAstructureintheir39untranslatedregion,likeotherpreviouslydescribedgroupIIIcoronaviruses,andliketheSARScoronavirus.Sequ
7、encingofthecompletenucleocapsidgeneanddownstreamregionsofgooseandpigeoncoronaviruses,evidencedthepresenceoftwoadditionalopenreadingframesforthegoosecoronaviruswithnosequencesimilaritytoknownproteins,butwithpredictedtransmembranedomainsforoneoftheencodedproteins,andoneadditionalope
8、nreadingframeReceived9February200
