英文作者观点解析How to get the poor out of our conscience.ppt

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1、HowtoGetthePooroffOurConscienceGroupMembers:JaneLiuEmilyNiLuciaLiuElsieQianSunnyMaoMandyMengQuestion:Describethefivecontemporarydesignsofgettingthepooroffourconscience.Howdoestheauthorchallengeeachofthesearguments?Thefirstdesign:(Para.12)Totakeawayth

2、eresponsibilitytoaidthepoorfromthegovernmentandtoputanendtothesocialwelfarepoliciessincetheNewDeal.Theauthor’sargumentis:Mostoftheassistancetothepoorhastobeundertakenbythegovernment,butthegovernmentisinessenceincompetentandineffectiveandwillmakeamess

3、ofthejob.Therefore,thegovernmentshouldnotbeaskedtoaidthepoor.Theseconddesign:(Para.14~15)Anyformofpublichelptothepoorwillhurtthepoorthemselves.Suchhelpwilldestroypoorpeople’smotivation,makethemlazyandbreakuptheirmarriages.Thisisanothertypicalargument

4、putforwardtodaybytheconservativesintheU.S.inthediscussionofsocialwelfarereform.Theauthorthinks:Theaccusationsaregroundless.Hefurtherpointsoutthatthosewhosupportthedesignhavenowaytoprovethatthedamageoftheaidtothepoorisgreaterthanthedamagetothemcausedb

5、yalossofpublicassistance.Thethirddesign:(Para.16)Whenyougivepublicassistancetothepoor,youtakemoneyaway(throughtaxes)fromtherichandgiveit(intheformofpublicassistance)tothepoor.Theresultistherichbecomelesswillingtoworkhardandcreatewealthandthepoorareen

6、couragedtoremainidle.Author’sargument:Theauthorusestworhetoricalquestionstocountertheargument.Heimpliesthatitisnotthecasethatmostpoorpeoplewouldpreferwelfaretopayingjob.Asforcorporateexecutives,theyareworkingveryhard,showingnosignoflackofincentive.To

7、saytheyarebeinglazybecausetheyarenotpaidenoughisaninsulttothebusinessexecutives.Thefourthdesign:(Para.17~18)Transferringmoneyfromtherichtothepoorthroughthegovernmenthasbadeffectonfreedom.Byfreedom,thedesignersmeanspendingasmuchmoneyasoneseesfitandgiv

8、ingthegovernmentaslittleaspossible.Author’sargument:Theauthorisbeingironicalwhenheusestheword“transparent”.Hemeansitisthemostobviousthatwhenthesepeopletalkaboutfreedomtheyonlyhaveinmindthefreedomoftherich.Thefifthdesign:(Para.19)Psychologicaldenialis