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1、素生产率。结果表明，五个省区全要素生产率的增长率变化趋势大体一致，整体呈现一个由负增长到正增长的转变过程，说明西北五省区的全要素生产率处于不断改善过程中，但仍有提升的空间，只要财政政策运用得当，会形成更大的综合产出效应。三是分析财政支出的空间溢出效应对西北五省区全要素生产率的影响。通过建立财政支出与全要素生产率的空间溢出效应模型，探索财政支出以及城市化率、交通运输能力、对外开放度和人力资本水平与全要素生产率之间的关系。结果表明，西北五省区的总财政支出、教育支出、科技支出和交通运输支出都促进了该区域全要素生产率的提升，并有着正向的空间
2、溢出效应，而一般公共服务支出与全要素生产率的相关关系不显著；城市化率、交通运输能力、对外开放程度和人力资本水平这4个控制变量也都与全要素生产率增长率呈现正相关性。由此说明，财政支出结构的优化，能有效改善全要素生产率。最后从增强西北五省区间的政策协调性，优化财政支出结构，提升教育质量和加快基础设施建设方面，并结合各省区自身的实际情况，出台具有本地特色的政策措施角度为促进全要素生产率的提升和西北五省区的发展提出相关政策建议。关键词：全要素生产率DEA-Malmquist空间溢出效应优化支出结构IIAbstractThewholearea
3、ofthenorthwestfiveprovincesisnearly3millionssquarekilometers,whichisabout1/3ofChina.Thenorthwestfiveprovincesisthefrontierof"theSilkRoadEconomicBelt",alsoitisthelinkbetweenCentralAsiaandEuropeandthemaincoveringareasof"theSilkRoadEconomicBelt".Sotheeconomicandsocialdeve
4、lopmentofnorthwestfiveprovincesplaysanimportantroleinthestrategiclayoutofthewholecountryUnderthebackgroundof"OneBelt,OneRoad"and"theSilkRoadEconomicBelt"developmentstrategy.Thenorthwestfiveprovincesdevelopsrapidlyineconomicandsocialsincetheimplementationofthewesterndev
5、elopmentstrategy,thelivingstandardsofresidentsincreasessignificantlyinthefivenorthwestprovinces.Althoughthenorthwestfiveprovincesdevelopsrapidly,weshouldalsofindthatthere'salotofproblems,mainlyisthelowqualityofeconomicdevelopment.specificallymanifestedinthefollowingasp
6、ects:Thefirst,theeconomicgrowthmainlydependsoninvestmentphenomenon,andalargepartofgovernmentinvestmentinit,alsoisthepublicfinanceexpenditure,privateinvestmentandstimulatingconsumptionisnotenoughandlackofpowerandendogenousgrowth;Thesecond,thetransformationofeconomicdeve
7、lopmentmodeisslow,laggingfarbehindtheeasterncoastaleconomicallydevelopedareas,theregionaleconomyismainlytheextensivegrowthmode,intensiveeconomicdevelopmentlostmomentum;Thethird,industrialstructureisunreasonable,theproportionofthesecondindustryistoolarge,thefirstandthir
8、dindustryaccountedforarelativelysmall;Thefourth,theusingofresourcesisinefficient,resourceswastemassiveandenvironmentp
