老北京四合大院.ppt

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1、ArchitectureandCultureshiheyuanForewordSiheyuandatesbackasearlyastheWesternZhouperiod,thecourtyardhasbeguntotakeshapeintheLiaoDynasty,andhasahistoryofover2,000years.TheyexhibitoutstandingandfundamentalcharacteristicsofChinesearchitecture.TheyexistallacrossChinaandarethetemplateformostChinese

2、architecturalstyles.SiheyuanalsoservesasaculturalsymbolofBeijingandawindowintoitsoldwaysoflife.1History2Present(Neo-siheyuanstyle)3LayoutofBeijingsiheyuan•Layout&physicalgeography•layout&culture4Characteristicsofsiheyuan5RegionalDistinctionsinsiheyuan6Hotissues•Thesiheyuan—Chineseclassicarch

3、itecture•fate•demolition•RehabilitationContentsBeijingcourtyardhistoryBeijingcourtyardwasfirststartedintheearlyYuanDynasty,whenlarge-scaleplanningandconstructionofcapitalcitystarted,thecourtyardappearedwithBeijing'sPalace,GovernmentOffice,blocks,SquareLaneandthealley.AtthetimeofKublaiputforw

4、ardapolicywhichpointedtheofficermovedtoBeijingtobuildtheirresidential,ThisisthebeginningofalargescaleofBeijing'straditionalcourtyardhousingformation.PresentAccordingtotheBeijingMunicipalAdministrationofCulturalHeritage,thereareover500historiccourtyardspreservedintheCulturalandHistoricalConse

5、rvationAreasasimportantculturalmonuments.Manyofthesearepublicmuseums,andpreservedhistoricalsiheyuanincludeLuXunMemorial,GuoMoruoMemorial,MaoDunMemorial,MeiLanfangMemorial,LaoSheMemorialandmanyothers.TheMaoDunMemorialLaoSheMemorial3LayoutofBeijingsiheyuan•pathways(廊)(1)serveassheltersfromthes

6、unshineduringtheday(2)provideacoolplacetoappreciatetheviewofthecourtyardatnight•backsidebuilding(后罩房）——theonlyplacewheretwo-storybuildingsareallowedtobeconstructedforthetraditionalsiheyuan.•Theentrancegate(1)paintedvermilion(朱红)(2)withcopperdoorknockersonit(3)usuallyatthesoutheasterncorner(4

7、)thereisascreenwall(影壁)insidethegate↓(forprivacy;protectsthehousefromevilspirits)•Apairofstonelions——oftenplacedoutsidethegatesidehousetheoppositehousesidehousemainhousecourtyardⅠLayout&physicalgeographyInBeijing,fourhousesinasinglecourtyardreceive