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1、英语中考归纳复习专题：被动语态【被动语态】在英语中，动词主要有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。当主语为动作的执行者时，谓语动词用主动语态；当主语为动作的承受者时，谓语动词用被动语态。当我们不知道或者没有必要说出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需要强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。如：Smokingisn’tallowedinthegasstation.汽车加油站里面不允许吸烟。Yourworkmustbefinishedtoday.你们的工作必须今天完成。常见时态（含情态动词）的被动语态第10页共10页被
2、动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。常见时态（含情态动词）的被动语态的构成如下：时态被动结构例句一般现在时am/is/are+过去分词The classroom is cleaned every day.这间教室每天都打扫。一般过去时was/were+过去分词Our school was built in 1998.我们的学校是1998年建造的。一般将来时will be+过去分词The sports meeting will be held tomor
3、row.运动会将于明天举行。第10页共10页现在完成时have/has been+过去分词The bank has been built.银行已经建成了。含情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词The bike can’t be put here.这辆自行车不能被放在这里。【考点训练1】1.TodayChinese____________(teach)inmanyschoolsaroundtheworld.2.Somefamouspaintings______________(show)inthehal
4、lnextweek.3.Anewschool____________(setup)inmyhometownlastyear.4.—HowoftendoIneedtofeedthedog?第10页共10页—It___foodeveryday,oritwillbehungry.（）A.maygiveB.maybegivenC.mustgiveD.mustbegiven答案：istaughtwillbeshownwassetupD【被动语态的特殊结构】种类构成例句感官动词和使役动词We heard he
5、r sing in the room.→She was heard to sing in the room.我们听见她在房间里唱歌。第10页共10页的被动语态感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词make/let/have等后跟省略to的动词不定式作宾补，变为被动语态时，省略的to要加上。动词短语的被动语态短语是“动词+介词/副词”时，变被动语态时介词、副词不能丢。We should speak to the old politely.→The old should be sp
6、oken to politely by us.我们应该有礼貌地和老人说话。主动表被动feel,look,sound,smell,taste等系动词。The dishes taste so delicious.这些菜尝起来很美味。open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,drive等词作不及物动词时。This kind of pen writes very smoothly.这种钢笔写起来很流畅。The water has run out.水已经用完了。第10
7、页共10页表示“发生、进行”等的不及物动词及短语(happen,take place,come out,run out,spread...)。When did the book come out?这本书什么时候出版的？作“需要”讲的need,want,require后的动名词用主动形式表被动意义。The problem requires studying with great care.这个问题需要仔细研究。【考点训练2】1.Teaplantsare______(grow)and______(us
8、e)tomaketea.2.KangJianfounditinterestingthatsomanyproductsinthelocalshops___________(make)inChina.3.Themusic___theMoonlightSonata.（）A.soundslikeB.isheardC.issoundedlikeD.islistening4.Anaccident___ontheroadlastnight.（）A.hashappened第10页共10页B.was
