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1、Unit14F·ScottFitzgeraldTheAmericanModernism(1914-1945)PartOne:Introduction:II.Modernism?Modernismisa??culturalmovementthatgenerallyincludestheprogressiveartandarchitecture,design,literature,music,dance,paintingandothervisualartswhichemergedinthebeginningofthe20thcentury,
2、particularlyintheyearsfollowingWorldWarI.Itwasamovementofartistsanddesignerswhorebelledagainstlate??19thcenturyacademicandhistoricaltradition,andembracedtheneweconomic,socialandpoliticalaspectsoftheemergingmodernworld.Theavant-gardemovementsthatfollowedincludingImpressio
3、nism,??Post-Impressionism,Cubism,Futurism,??Expressionism,??Constructivism,DeStijl,and??AbstractExpressionismaregenerallydefinedasModernist.Modernisminliteratureisnoteasilysummarized,butthekeyelementsareexperimentation,anti-realism,individualismandastressonthecerebral(大脑
4、的）ratherthanemotiveaspects.TheworkofModernistwritersischaracterizedbyshowingthedisenchantment（觉醒）,dislocation（混乱）,andalienation（疏远）ofmenintheworld,andbytheemphasison??experimentationandformalismandobjectivismwhichare,inmostcases,areactiontothecataclysm(大变动）knownastheMode
5、rnAge.AmongAmericanwriters,thebest-knownModernistsareT.S.Eliot,EzraPound,F.ScottFitzgerald,ErnestHemingway,WilliamFaulknerandsoon.TheLostGeneration:TheLostGenerationisatermusedtodescribeagroupofAmericanintellectuals,poets,artistsandwritersfledtoFranceinthepostWWIyearstor
6、ejectthevaluesofAmericanmaterialismandtoseekthebohemian(Apersonwithartisticorliteraryinterestswhodisregardsconventionalstandardsofbehavior)lifestyleinParis.Fullofyouthfulidealism,theseindividualssoughtthemeaningoflife,drankexcessively,hadloveaffairsandcreatedsomeofthefin
7、estAmericanliteraturetodate.TheLostGenerationAmericanpoetGertrudeSteinactuallycoinedtheexpression"lostgeneration."SpeakingtoErnestHemingway,shesaid,"youareallalostgeneration."ThemainrepresentativesofLostGenerationincludeF.ScottFitzgerald,ErnestHemingwayandJohnDosPassos(多
8、斯?柏索斯).F.ScottFitzgerald(1890-1940)I.BriefIntroduction:1.??Heisbestknownforhisnovelsandshortstorieswhic
