美国文学选读第二版课后习题答案陶洁.doc

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1、Unit1BenjaminFranklinAmericanLiteratureLectureOneIntroductionAmericanliteratureAmericanliteraturemainlyreferstoliteratureproducedinAmericanEnglishbythepeoplelivingintheUnitedStates.HistoricalBackgroundWhatdoyouknowaboutAmericanearlyhistory?1.Earlyhistory:1)In1492,Christo

2、pherColumbusfoundthenewcontinentcalledAmerica.2)In1607,CaptainJohnSmithledsomeEnglishmenacrosstheocean.3)In1620,102passengerssailedontheshipMayfloweracrosstheseaandsettledonthenewcontinent“NewEngland”.HistoricalBackground2.People:nativeinhabitants:IndiansImmigrantsmostly

3、fromEurope:Spanish;Dutch;FrenchEnglishimmigrants,Jamestown,Virginia,1607Puritansagroupofreligiouspeopleadvocatedreligious&moralprinciplesBriefOutlineofAmericanLiterature1.ColonialperiodandRevolutionaryperiod2.Romanticism3.TheageofRealism4.TheModernperiod5.AftertheWWIICol

4、onialperiodandRevolutionaryperiodTime:1607--1783  thesettlementofNorthAmerica--theIndependenceWarMajortopic:AmericanPuritanismIntroductionTherewerenowrittenliteratureamongthemorethan500differentIndianlanguagesandtribalcultures，AmericanwritingbeganwiththeworkofEnglishadve

5、nturersandcolonistsintheNewWorldchieflyforthebenefitofreadersinthemothercountry.Thereforethewritinginthisperiodwasessentiallytwokinds:（1）practicalmatter-of-factaccountsoffarming,hunting,travel,etc.designedtoinformpeople“athome”whatlifewaslikeinthenewworld,and,often,toind

6、ucetheirimmigration;(2)highlytheoretical,generallypolemical(好辩的）,discussionsofreligiousquestions.RomanticismTime:1783—1861theIndependenceWar--theCivilWarRomanticism(1783-1865)WashingtonIrvingJamesFenimoreCooperSummitofRomanticism-Transcendentalism(AmericanRenaissance)Ral

7、phWaldoEmerson  FillipThoreauLateRomanticismNathanielHawthorneHermanMelvillenotoptimisticRomanticPoetsWaltWhitmanEmilyDickensonEdgarAllenPoe：themostcontroversial&themostmisunderstoodTheageofRealismTime:1865--1918  theCivilWar--theFirstWorldWarconcernforthecommon-placeoff

8、eranobjectiveviewTheAgeofRealism(1865-1918)MarkTwainHenryJamesNaturalismStephenCraneTheodoreDreiserAmer