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1、Unit1BenjaminFranklinAmericanLiteratureLectureOneIntroductionAmericanliteratureAmericanliteraturemainlyreferstoliteratureproducedinAmericanEnglishbythepeoplelivingintheUnitedStates.HistoricalBackgroundWhatdoyouknowaboutAmericanearlyhistory?1.Earlyhistory:1)In149
2、2,ChristopherColumbusfoundthenewcontinentcalledAmerica.2)In1607,CaptainJohnSmithledsomeEnglishmenacrosstheocean.3)In1620,102passengerssailedontheshipMayfloweracrosstheseaandsettledonthenewcontinent“NewEngland”.HistoricalBackground2.People:nativeinhabitants:India
3、nsImmigrantsmostlyfromEurope:Spanish;Dutch;FrenchEnglishimmigrants,Jamestown,Virginia,1607Puritansagroupofreligiouspeopleadvocatedreligious&moralprinciplesBriefOutlineofAmericanLiterature1.ColonialperiodandRevolutionaryperiod2.Romanticism3.TheageofRealism4.TheMo
4、dernperiod5.AftertheWWIIColonialperiodandRevolutionaryperiodTime:1607--1783 thesettlementofNorthAmerica--theIndependenceWarMajortopic:AmericanPuritanismIntroductionTherewerenowrittenliteratureamongthemorethan500differentIndianlanguagesandtribalcultures,American
5、writingbeganwiththeworkofEnglishadventurersandcolonistsintheNewWorldchieflyforthebenefitofreadersinthemothercountry.Thereforethewritinginthisperiodwasessentiallytwokinds:(1)practicalmatter-of-factaccountsoffarming,hunting,travel,etc.designedtoinformpeople“athome
6、”whatlifewaslikeinthenewworld,and,often,toinducetheirimmigration;(2)highlytheoretical,generallypolemical(好辩的),discussionsofreligiousquestions.RomanticismTime:1783—1861theIndependenceWar--theCivilWarRomanticism(1783-1865)WashingtonIrvingJamesFenimoreCooperSummito
7、fRomanticism-Transcendentalism(AmericanRenaissance)RalphWaldoEmerson FillipThoreauLateRomanticismNathanielHawthorneHermanMelvillenotoptimisticRomanticPoetsWaltWhitmanEmilyDickensonEdgarAllenPoe:themostcontroversial&themostmisunderstoodUnit1BenjaminFranklinAmeri
8、canLiteratureLectureOneIntroductionAmericanliteratureAmericanliteraturemainlyreferstoliteratureproducedinAmericanEnglishbythepeoplelivingintheUnitedStates.HistoricalB
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