美国文学选读_第二版_课后习题_答案_陶洁

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1、Unit1BenjaminFranklinAmericanLiteratureLectureOneIntroductionAmericanliteratureAmericanliteraturemainlyreferstoliteratureproducedinAmericanEnglishbythepeoplelivingintheUnitedStates.HistoricalBackgroundWhatdoyouknowaboutAmericanearlyhistory?1.Earlyhistory:1)In1492,ChristopherColumbusfoundthene

2、wcontinentcalledAmerica.2)In1607,CaptainJohnSmithledsomeEnglishmenacrosstheocean.3)In1620,102passengerssailedontheshipMayfloweracrosstheseaandsettledonthenewcontinent“NewEngland”.HistoricalBackground2.People:nativeinhabitants:IndiansImmigrantsmostlyfromEurope:Spanish;Dutch;FrenchEnglishimmigr

3、ants,Jamestown,Virginia,1607Puritansagroupofreligiouspeopleadvocatedreligious&moralprinciplesBriefOutlineofAmericanLiterature1.ColonialperiodandRevolutionaryperiod2.Romanticism3.TheageofRealism4.TheModernperiod5.AftertheWWIIColonialperiodandRevolutionaryperiodTime:1607--1783  thesettlementofN

4、orthAmerica--theIndependenceWarMajortopic:AmericanPuritanismIntroductionTherewerenowrittenliteratureamongthemorethan500differentIndianlanguagesandtribalcultures，AmericanwritingbeganwiththeworkofEnglishadventurersandcolonistsintheNewWorldchieflyforthebenefitofreadersinthemothercountry.Therefor

5、ethewritinginthisperiodwasessentiallytwokinds:（1）practicalmatter-of-factaccountsoffarming,hunting,travel,etc.designedtoinformpeople“athome”whatlifewaslikeinthenewworld,and,often,toinducetheirimmigration;(2)highlytheoretical,generallypolemical(好辩的）,discussionsofreligiousquestions.RomanticismTi

6、me:1783—1861theIndependenceWar--theCivilWarRomanticism(1783-1865)WashingtonIrvingJamesFenimoreCooperSummitofRomanticism-Transcendentalism(AmericanRenaissance)RalphWaldoEmerson  FillipThoreauLateRomanticismNathanielHawthorneHermanMelvillenotoptimisticRomanticPoetsWaltWhitmanEmilyDickensonEdgar

7、AllenPoe：themostcontroversial&themostmisunderstoodTheageofRealismTime:1865--1918  theCivilWar--theFirstWorldWarconcernforthecommon-placeofferanobjectiveviewTheAgeofRealism(1865-1918)MarkTwainHenryJamesNaturalismStephenCraneTheodoreDreiserAmer