18世纪 启蒙运动 欧洲文学史课件.ppt

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1、EuropeanLiteratureofthe18thCenturyTheAgeofEnlightenment启蒙运动contentsHistoricalContextThe18thCliterature(overview)概述TheEnlightenmentMovement(FrenchphilosophyandLiterture)Montesquieu孟德斯鸠Voltaire伏尔泰Rousseau卢梭Diderot狄德罗EnglishLiteratureNeoclassicism新古典主义TheriseofthenovelGermanLiterature:S

2、tormandStressMovementLessing莱辛Goethe歌德Schiller席勒HistoricalContext1234theEnlightenmentmovementtheAmericanCivilWar(1775)theFrenchRevolution(1789)theIndustrialRevolution(1760---1840)the18thCenturyLiterature18thCenturyEuropecontinueditstrend趋向趋势ofneoclassicism,thenmovedtotheAgeofEnlighten

3、mentandgraduallymovedtowardsRomanticism.The18thcenturysawthedevelopmentofthemodernnovelasliterarygenre风格类型.Subgenres亚种亚美分支ofthenovelduringthe18thcentury：theepistolarynovel书信体小说thesentimentalnovel伤感小说theGothicnovel哥特小说thecommonthemesofliteraturesocialupheaval巨变reversals逆转ofpersonalstat

4、uspoliticalsatire讽刺geographicalexploration探测探究thecomparison对比betweenthenaturalstateofmanandthecivilizedstateofmanTheEnlightenmentMovementdefinition定义atermusedtodescribetheintellectualtrendsthatthepeopleofthisperiodbelievedthattheywereemerging摆脱fromcenturiesofdarknessandignoranceintoan

5、ewageenlightened被启发文明的开明的byreason,science,andarespectforhumanity.Itisaresultofhumanconfidenceonhumanreasonandthemselves.Itfurtherstrengthenedpeople’sbeliefinnaturallawsandtheirabilitytoknowtheuniversethroughreason.Ithastriggered引起…12TheUnitedKingdom’s“BillofRights”3TheAmerican“Declara

6、tionofIndependence”TheFrench“DeclarationoftheRightsoftheManandoftheCitizen”factsWhen:inthe2ndhalfofthe18thC,esp.beforetheFrenchRevolutionWhere:inEuropeandNorthAmericaOrigin:inFranceEmphasis:thepowerofhumanreasonthepowerofsciencerespectforhumanityforerunnersLockeNewtonMaterialismBlankp

7、lategravitationIdeascomefromsensation感觉inscribedonmind.Theuniverseisgovernedbylawsthatcouldbeunderstoodbymind.雕刻题写Mainforce:FrenchPhilosophyMontesquieuVoltaireRousseauDiderotTheyarephilosophers,butarealsowriterswhoseworksrepresentthehighestachievementofFrenchEnlightenmentliterature.Mo

8、ntesq