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1、猜测词义类阅读专题:猜测词义类一、猜测词义类猜测词义题是从特定的角度考查考生的阅读理解能力和处理生词的能力。猜测词义包括对词、词组和句意的理解,是高考英语试题阅读理解中的一类必考题。二、解题技巧1、根据定义(definition)猜测词义定义或释义关系常由定语从句或由同位语(从句)或破折号或信号词:is,or,thatis(tosay),inotherwords,becalled,beknownas,referto,mean,represent,bedefinedas等来表示。①Sanctuariesareplaceswhereiti
2、sagainstthelawtohuntbirdsandanimals.(禁猎区)②Itwillbeveryhardbutverybrittle----thatis,itwillbreakeasily.(易碎的,脆的)2、根据对比和转折关系猜测词义利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词(组)猜测词义。表对比关系的信号词:but,while,however,insteadof,ratherthan,unlike,yet,otherwise,though,ononehand…ontheotherhand,foronething…foranot
3、her,onthecontrary,incontrastto等。①Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings;hiswife,however,isverythrifty.(节俭的)②Thoughhisfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby.(污秽的)3、根据同等关系猜测词义同等关系,指的是一个词,一组词或短语在句中作同一成分,而且它们的词义都属于同一范畴。这样的词组或短语中间常常用并列连词and或or来连接。①Atf
4、orty-twohewasinhisprimeandalwaysfullofenergy.(盛年时期)②Itisdifficulttobelievethattherearepeoplewholiketodestroyorspoilbeautifulthings.(破坏、毁坏)4、根据因果关系猜测词义从原因推测结果,从结果推测原因。常用关联词:because,as,since,for,so,thus,asaresult,so,so…that,such…that,therefore等。①Shedidnothearwhatyousaidbe
5、causeshewascompletelyengrossedinherreading.(全神贯注地)②Theriverissoturbidthatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow.(浑浊)5、根据文中的举例来猜测词义某些冷僻的词汇后面常会举例加以说明,使之具体易懂。常用来举例的表达有:forexample,forinstance,suchas,insuchcases,namely,thatis,like,especially,include,13猜测词义类consistof
6、等。①Youcantakeanyoftheperiodicals,suchasTheWorldofEnglish,ForeignLanguageTeachinginSchools,EnglishLearning,andsoon.(期刊杂志)②Onthefarmtheymainlyraisepoultry,suchaschickens,ducksandgeesefortheireggsandmeat.(家禽)6、根据构词法知识猜测词义在阅读中常会遇到一些由所熟悉的单词派生(前缀、后缀)或合成的新词,可利用构词法知识来推测其意思。①Exh
7、ibitionofficialssaidthatapersonbittenbyoneofthesesnakeswouldneedatleast80mlofananti-poisonmedicinetobesaved.(解毒、抗毒)②Withtheirshiningbrowneyes,waggingtails,andunconditionallove,dogscanprovidethenonjudgmentallistenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence.(无条件的;没有判断力的)
8、7、根据上下文线索猜测词义任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的,都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有关。利用上下文提供的情景和线索,进行合乎逻辑的综合分析,并依此来推测词义,是阅读过程中的一大关键。①Ifhethink