1、动词的被动语态考点一:被动语态的构成及用法词的被动语态 英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。主语是动作的执行者,叫做主动语态;主语是动作的承受者,叫做被动语态。 例如: We swept the floor. 我们打扫了地板。(主动语态) The floor was swept. 地板被打扫过。(被动语态) 1.被动语态的构成 (1)被动语态是由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成的。 be有人称,数和时态的变化,其变化规则与其作为连系动词的be的变化完全一样。 a被动语态的肯定句 Apple trees are planted i
2、n the south. 苹果树种在南方。 b被动语态的否定句 The building hasn't been completed. 这座建筑物没有竣工。 c被动语态的一般疑问句 被动语态的一般疑问句的结构是:Be+主语+过去分词(vt)+(by+宾语) Are they made in China? Yes, they are. Was the museum built in 1993? No, it was built in 1986. d 被动语态的特殊疑问句 被动语态的特殊疑问句的结构是:疑问词+b
3、e+主语+过去分词(vt)。 What is the machine used for? It is used for making paper. Where were the car made? They were made in China. (2)被动语态的几种时态形式: a.一般现在时 结构:主语 + am / is / are + 过去分词 主动句:She cleans her room every day. 被动句:Her room is cleaned (by her) every day. (
4、肯定句) 否定句:Her room isn’t cleaned (by her) every day. 一般疑问句:Is her room cleaned (by her) every day? 第9页共9页注意:被动句的be助动词的变化应按被动句中新主语的人称和数而变化,其时态应与主动句的时态一致. b.一般过去时 结构:主语+was / were +过去分词 主动句:The workers made the VCD last week. 被动句:The VCD was made by the workers last week.(肯定句)
5、 否定句: The VCD wasn’t made by the workers last week.一般疑问句:Was the VCD made by the workers last week? c. 一般将来时 结构:主语+will be + 过去分词 主动句:My father will send me to America soon. 肯定句:I will be sent to America by my father soon. 否定句:I won’t be sent to America by my fa
6、ther soon. 一般疑问句:Will you be sent to America by your father soon? d. 过去将来时 结构:主语+would be + 过去分词 主动句:He said he would punish the naughty boy tonight. 肯定句:He said the naughty boy would be punished by him tonight. 否定句:He said the naughty boy wouldn’t be punished by him ton
7、ight. e. 现在进行时 结构:主语 + am / is / are + being + 过去分词 主动句:He is telling a story now. 肯定句:A story is being told by him now. 否定句:A story isn’t being told by him now. 一般疑问句:Is a story being told by him now? f. 过去进行时 结构:主语+was / were + being + 过去分词 主动句:He was telling a stor
8、y when I came in. 肯定句:A story was being told by him when I came in.