02 Antigen-ok.ppt

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1、MaXingming,DepartmentofImmunology,SchoolofbasicmedicalScience抗原(antigen，Ag)马兴铭immune一、抗原概念与特性DefinitionandpropertyofantigenAntigenAsubstancethatwhenintroducedintothebody(1)induceaspecificimmuneresponse(i.e.,productionofanspecificantibodyorspecificallysensitizedTlymphocy

2、tes,orboth);(2)andreactwiththeproductsofthatresponse.Bothimmunologenicityandantigenicity免疫原性lmmunogenicity抗原性Antigenicity完全抗原半抗原OnlyantigenicityTT蛋白质载体1Immmunogen2Tolerogen3Allergen4VaccineAntigen:1.Immunogen:theantigenthatinducespecificimmuneresponseMicrobes;bacteria,v

3、irus;fungiandparasitesXenoantigeneicorallogeneictissuesororgans:graftedskin,bonemarrow2.Tolerogen:antigenthatinduceImmunologictoleranceImmunologictoleranceisunresponsivenesstoanantigenthatisinducedbypriorexposuretothatantigen.tolerogen3.Allergen:antigenthatinduceanaphyl

4、axisAllergen:somemedicine,flowerpowder,seafood4.Vaccine:antigensthatinduceaprotectionimmuneresponseagainstmicrobesandareusedtopreventdiseasesKilledvaccinesAttenuatedvaccinesToxoidvaccinesSubunitvaccinesConjugatevaccinesExperimentalvaccines:DendriticcellvaccinesRecombina

5、ntVectorDNAvaccinationT-cellreceptorpeptidevaccinesMonovalentvaccineimmune二、影响抗原免疫原性的因素Factorswhichaffectantigenimmunogenicity1.Foreignness(异物性)2.Physicalandchemicalpropertiesofantigen3.Humanbodybiologicalsystem4.Methodofadministration5.Immunologicadjuvants(佐剂)1.Foreign

6、ness(异物性)Theimmunesystemnormallydiscriminatesbetweenselfandnon-selfsuchthatonlyforeignmoleculesareimmunogenic.Heterogeneoussubstances(异种物质)Allogeneicsubstances(同种异体物质)Autoantigen(自身抗原)2.PhysicalandchemicalpropertiesofantigenChemicalCompositionProteins;Polysaccharides;Nu

7、cleicAcids;LipidsMoleculesizeStructuralcomplexityandConformation(分子构象)Accessibility(易接近性)PhysicalformParticulateantigens>solubleonesDenaturedantigens>nativeformPolymerantigens>monomerform3.HumanbodybiologicalsystemGeneticFactorsSomesubstancesareimmunogenicinonespeciesbu

8、tnotinanotherAgeUsuallytheveryyoungandtheveryoldhaveadiminishedabilitytoimmuneresponseinresponse4.Methodofadmi