专业考试指导：美国文学简史.doc

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1、Chapter1ColonialPeriod1.Background:Puritanism1・featuresofPuritanism(1)Predestination:Goddecidedeverythingbeforethingsoccurred・(2)Originalsin:Humanbeingswereborntobeevil,andthisoriginalsincanbepasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.(3)Totaldepravity(4)Limitedatonement:Onlytheuelectncanbesav

2、ed.2.Influenee(1)Agroupofgoodqualities一hardwork,thrift,piety,sobriety(seriousandthoughtful)influencedAmericanliterature・(2)Itledtotheeverlastingmyth・Allliteratureisbasedonamyth一gardenofEden.(3)Symbolism:theAmericanpuritarTsmetaphoricalmodeofperceptionwaschieflyinstrumentalincallingintobe

3、ingaliterarysymbolismwhichisdistinctlyAmerican.(4)Withregardtotheirwriting,thestyleisfresh,simpleanddirect;therhetoricisplainandhonest,notwithoutatouchofnobilityoftentraceabletothedirectinflueneeoftheBible.Il・Overviewoftheliterature1•typesofwritingdiaries,histories,journals,letters,trave

4、lbooks,autobiographies/biographies,sermons2.writersofcolonialperiod(1)AnneBradstreet(2)EdwardTaylor(3)RogerWilliams(4)JohnWoolman(5)ThomasPaine(6)PhilipFreneauIII.JonathanEdwards1.life2.works(1)TheFreedomoftheWill(2)TheGreatDoctrineofOriginalSinDefended(3)TheNatureofTrueVirtue3.ideas-pio

5、neeroftranscendentalism(1)Thespiritofrevivalism(2)Regenerationofman(3)God'spresence(4)PuritanidealismIV.BenjaminFranklin1.life1.works(1)PoorRichard'sAlmanac(2)Autobiography2.contribution(1)HehelpedfoundthePermsylvaniaHospitalandtheAmericanPhilosophicalSociety.(2)Hewascalled“thenewPrometh

6、euswhohadstolenfire(electricityinthiscase)fromheaven”.(3)Everythingseemstomeetinthisoneman一“Jackofalltrades”.HermanMelvillethusdescribedhimumasterofeachandmasteredbynone”.Chapter2AmericanRomanticismSection1EarlyRomanticPeriodWhatisRomanticism?IAnapproachfromancientGreek:PIatoIAliterarytr

7、end:18cinBritain(1798-1832)ISchlegelBros.1.Preview:Characteristicsofromanticism1•subjectivity(1)feelingandemotions,findingtruth(2)emphasisonimagination(3)emphasisonindividualism-personalfreedom,noheroworship,naturalgoodnessofhumanbeings2.backtomedieval,espmedievalfolklite