固体物理专业术语.ppt

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1、一维晶格One-dimensionalcrystallattice一维单原子链One-dimensionalmonatomicchain一维双原子链One-dimensionaldiatomicchain一维复式格子One-dimensionalcompoundlattice二维晶格Two-dimensionalcrystallattice二度轴Twofoldaxis二度对称轴Twofoldaxisofsymmetry几何结构因子Geometricalstructurefactor三斜晶系Triclinicsystem三方晶系Trigonalsystem三斜晶系Triclinicsystem刃

2、位错Edgedislocation小角晶界Lowanglegrainboundary马德隆常数Madelungconstant元素晶体Elementcrystal元素的电负性Electronegativitiesofelements元素的电离能Ionizationenergiesoftheelements元素的内聚能Cohesiveenergiesoftheelements六方密堆积Hexagonalclose-packed六方晶系Hexagonalsystem反演Inversion分子晶体MolecularCrystal切变模量Shearmodule双原子链Diatomiclinearcha

3、in介电常数Dielectricconstant化学势Chemicalpotential内能Internalenergy分布函数Distributionfunction夫伦克耳缺陷Frenkeldefect比热Specificheat中子散射Neutronscattering布喇菲格子Bravaislattice布洛赫函数Blochfunction布洛赫定理Blochtheorem布拉格反射Braggreflection布里渊区Brillouinzone布里渊区边界Brillouinzoneboundary布里渊散射Brillouinscattering正格子Directlattice正交晶系

4、Orthorhombiccrystalsystem正则振动Normalvibration正则坐标Normalcoordinates立方晶系Cubiccrystalsystem立方密堆积Cubicclose-packed四方晶系Tetragonalcrystalsystem对称操作Symmetryoperation对称群Symmetricgroup正交化平面波Orthogonalizedplanewave电子-晶格相互作用Electron-latticeinteraction电子热容量Electronicheatcapacity电阻率Electricalresistivity电导率Conduct

5、ivity电子亲合势Electronaffinity电子气的动能Kineticenergyofelectrongas电子气的压力Pressureofelectrongas电子分布函数Electrondistributionfunction电负性Electronegativity电磁声子Electromagneticphonon功函数Workfunction长程力Long-rangeforce立方晶系Cubicsystem平面波方法planewavemethod平移对称性Translationsymmetry平移对称操作Translationsymmetryoperator平移不变性Transl

6、ationinvariance石墨结构Graphitestructure闪锌矿结构Blendestructure负电性Electronegativity共价结合Covalentbinding共价键Covalentbond共价晶体Covalentcrystals共价键的饱和Saturationofcovalentbonds光学模Opticalmodes光学支Opticalbranch光散射Lightscattering红外吸收Infraredabsorption压缩系数Compressibility扩散系数Diffusioncoefficient扩散的激活能Activationenergyofd

7、iffusion共价晶体CovalentCrystal价带Valenceband导带Conductionband自扩散Self-diffusion有效质量Effectivemass有效电荷Effectivecharges弛豫时间Relaxationtime弛豫时间近似Relaxation-timeapproximation扩展能区图式Extendedzonescheme自由电子模型Freeelec