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1、#2层次分析法选择旅游地解:C1、C2、C3、C4、C5分别表示景色、费用、居住、饮食、旅途;P1、P2、P3分别表示桂林、黄山、北戴河。(1)构造成对比较矩阵:1124332175512511318A141711213C1212C31131213152111512183113153111131341114C113C1311C1114345131311411441(2)计算层次单排序的权向量和一致性检验:成对比较矩阵
2、A的最大特征值max5.073其对应的归一化特征向量为0.2630.4750.0550.0990.1105.073-5CI0.0185-1则,查表得RI=1.120.018CR0.0160.11.12表明A通过一致性验证。对成对比较矩阵C1、C2、C3、C4、C5求层次总排序的权向量,归一化列于下表,并进行一致性检验:k12345()0.5950.0820.4290.6340.1660.264()0.2760.2360.4290.1920.1660.4760.1290.6820.1420.1740.6680.0540.098()3.00
3、63.00233.00930.109()0.0030.00100.0050CIk由CRkCRk0.1,k1,2,3,4,5RIk知C1、C2、C3、C4、C5通过一致性检验。(3)计算层次总排序权值和一致性检验:组合权向量0.2640.5950.0820.4290.6340.1660.4760.299(3)0.2760.2360.4290.1920.1660.0540.2450.1290.6820.1420.1740.6680.0980.4550.109组合一致性检验0.2
4、640.476(3)CI0.0030.00100.00500.0540.001760.0980.109(3)RI0.58(3)0.00176CR0.0160.0190.10.58故层次总排序通过一致性检验,可作为最后的决策依据,各方案权重排序为,本题计算过程列表如下:λm(2)CI(2)CR(2)权向量C对A0.2640.4760.0540.0980.1095.0720.0180.016准则C组合权向量C1C2C3C4C5方案PP对UP10.5950.0820.4290.6340.1660.299权向量PP20
5、.2760.2360.4290.1920.1660.245对CP30.1290.6820.1420.1740.6680.455λm(3)3.0063.00233.0093CR(3)CIk(3)0.0030.00100.0050RIk(3)0.580.580.580.580.580.019#3灰色关联分析工业、农业、运输业、商业各部门的行为数据如下:工业X45.8,43.4,42.3,41.91农业X(39.1,41.6,43.9,44.9)2运输业X33.4,3.3,3.5,3.5商业X46.7,6.8,5.4,4.7参考序列为X1,被比
6、较序列为X2,X3,X4,试求关联度。解:以X1为参考序列求关联度。st1Step:初始化,即将该序列所有数据分别除以第一个数据。得:X11,0.9476,0.9236,0.9148X21,1.0639,1.1228,1.1483X31,0.9706,1.0294,1.0294X41,1.0149,0.8060,0.7015nd2Step:求序列差0,0.1163,0.1992,0.23350,0.0230,0.1058,0.1146230,0.0673,0.1176,0.21344rd3Step:求两
7、极差Mmaxmaxik0.2335mminminik0th4Step:计算关联系数取=0.5,有:0.116751ik,i2,3,4k0.11675i从而:1120.500930.369540.3333121212121120.835530.524540.5047131313131120.634230.498240.353714141414th5Step:求关联度44111212k0.55091313
8、k0.71624k14k141141