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1、UnderstandingtheSupplyChain1LearningObjectivesDiscussthegoalofasupplychainandexplaintheimpactofsupplychaindecisionsonthesuccessofafirm.Identifythethreekeysupplychaindecisionphasesandexplainthesignificanceofeachone.Describethecycleandpush/pullviewsofasupplychain.Classifythesupplychainmacroprocessesin
2、afirm.WhatisaSupplyChain?Allstagesinvolved,directlyorindirectly,infulfillingacustomerrequestIncludesmanufacturers,suppliers,transporters,warehouses,retailers,andcustomersWithineachcompany,thesupplychainincludesallfunctionsinvolvedinfulfillingacustomerrequest(productdevelopment,marketing,operations,d
3、istribution,finance,customerservice)WhatisaSupplyChain?CustomerisanintegralpartofthesupplychainIncludesmovementofproductsfromsupplierstomanufacturerstodistributorsandinformation,funds,andproductsinbothdirectionsMaybemoreaccuratetousetheterm“supplynetwork”or“supplyweb”Typicalsupplychainstages:custome
4、rs,retailers,distributors,manufacturers,suppliersAllstagesmaynotbepresentinallsupplychains(e.g.,noretailerordistributorforDell)WhatisaSupplyChain?Figure1-1FlowsinaSupplyChainFigure1-2TheObjectiveofaSupplyChainMaximizeoverallvaluecreatedSupplyChainSurplus=CustomerValue–SupplyChainCostTheObjectiveofaS
5、upplyChainExample:acustomerpurchasessomethingfor$60(revenue)Supplychainincurscosts(information,storage,transportation,components,assembly,etc.)Differencebetween$60andthesumofallofthesecostsisthesupplychainprofitSupplychainprofitabilityistotalprofittobesharedacrossallstagesofthesupplychainSuccessshou
6、ldbemeasuredbytotalsupplychainprofitability,notprofitsatanindividualstageImportanceof SupplyChainDecisionsWal-Mart,$1billionsalesin1980to$408billionin2010Seven-ElevenJapan,¥1billionsalesin1974to¥3trillionin2009Dell,$56billionin2006,adoptednewsupplychainstrategiesDecisionPhasesofaSupplyChainSupplycha
7、instrategyordesignHowtostructurethesupplychainoverthenextseveralyearsSupplychainplanningDecisionsoverthenextquarteroryearSupplychainoperationDailyorweeklyoperationaldecisionsSupplyChainStrategyorDesig
