资源描述：
《化工专业英语讲义》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、ReadingmaterialsChemicalengineeringChemicalengineeringisthebranchofengineer!ngthatdealswithphysicalscienee(e.g.,chemistryandphysics),andlifesciences(e.g.,biology,microbiologyandbiochemistry)withmathematicsandeconomics,totheprocessofconvertingrawmaterialsorchemicalsintomoreusefulorvaluablef
2、orms・Inaddition,modernchemicalengineersarealsoconcernedwithpioneeringvaluablenewmaterialsandrelatedtechniques一whichareoftenessentialtorelatedfieldssuchasnanotechnology,fuelcellsandbiomedicalengineering.Withinchemicalengineering,twobroadsubgroupsinelude1)design,manufacture,andoperationofpla
3、ntsandmachineryinindustrialchemicalandrelatedprocesses(Hchemicalprocessengineers11);and2)developmentofneworadaptedsubstancesforproductsrangingfromfoodsandbeveragestocosmeticstocleanerstopharmaceuticalingredients,amongmanyotherproducts("chemicalproductengineers'1)・l.HistoryChemicalengineeri
4、ngemergeduponthedevelopmentofunitoperations,afundamentalconceptofthediscipline.MostauthorsagreethatDavisinventedunitoperationsifnotsubstantiallydevelopedit.HegaveaseriesoflecturesonunitoperationsattheManChesterTechnicalSchool(UniversityofManChestertoday)in1887,consideredtobeoneoftheearlies
5、tsuchaboutchemicalengineering.ThreeyearsbeforeDavis*lectures,HenryEdwardArmstrongtaughtadegreecourseinchemicalengineeringattheCityandGuildsofLondonInstitute.Armstrong'scourseHfailedsimplybecauseitsgraduates・••werenotespeciallyattractivetoemployers.11Employersofthetimewouldhaveratherhiredch
6、emistsandmechanicalengineers.CoursesinchemicalengineeringofferedbyMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)intheUnitedStates,Owen'sCollegeinManChester,EnglandandUniversityCollegeLondonsufferedundersimilarcircumstances・Startingfrom1888,LewisM.NortontaughtatMITthefirstchemicalengineeringcourse
7、intheUnitedStates・Norton'scoursewascontemporaneousandessentiallysimilarwithArmstrong'scourse.Bothcourses,however;simplymergedchemistryandengineeringsubjects.Hltspractitionershaddifficultyconvincingengineersthattheywereengineersandchemiststhattheywerenotsimplyc
