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1、.word可编辑.本科毕业设计（论文）专业外文翻译专业名称：土木工程专业（道路与桥梁）年级班级：道桥08-5班学生姓名：指导教师：.专业.专注..word可编辑.二○一二年五月十八日.专业.专注..word可编辑.GeometricDesignofHighwaysTheroadisonekindoflinearconstructionusedfortravel.Itismadeoftheroadbed,theroadsurface,thebridge,theculvertandthetunnel.Inaddition,italsohasthecros
2、singoflines,theprotectiveprojectandthetrafficengineeringandtheroutefacility.Theroadbedisthebaseofroadsurface,roadshoulder,sideslope,sideditchfoundations.Itisstonematerialstructure,whichisdesignedaccordingtoroute'splaneposition.Theroadbed,asthebaseoftravel,mustguaranteethatithas
3、theenoughintensityandthestabilitythatcanpreventthewaterandothernaturaldisasterfromcorroding.Theroadsurfaceisthesurfaceofroad.Itissingleorcomplexstructurebuiltwithmixture.Theroadsurfacerequirebeingsmooth,havingenoughintensity,goodstabilityandanti-slipperyfunction.Thequalityofroa
4、dsurfacedirectlyaffectsthesafe,comfortandthetraffic.HighwaygeometrydesignstoconsiderHighwayHorizontalAlignment,VerticalAlignmenttwokindsoflinearandcross-sectionalcompositionofcoordination,butalsopayattentiontothesmoothflowofthelineofsight,etc.Determinetheroadgeometry,considerth
5、etopography,surfacefeatures,rationaluseoflandandenvironmentalprotectionfactors,tomakefulluseofthehighwaygeometriccomponentsofreasonablesizeandthelinearcombination.1.AlignmentDesignThealignmentofaroadisshownontheplaneviewandisaseriesofstraightlinescalledtangentsconnectedbycircul
6、ar.Inmodernpracticeitiscommontointerposetransitionorspiralcurvesbetweentangentsandcircularcurves.Alignmentmustbeconsistent.Suddenchangesfromflattosharpcurvesandlongtangentsfollowedbysharpcurvesmustbeavoided;otherwise,accidenthazardswillbecreated.Likewise,placingcircularcurvesof
7、differentradiiendtoend(compoundcurves)orhavingashorttangent.专业.专注..word可编辑.betweentwocurvesispoorpracticeunlesssuitabletransitionsbetweenthemareprovided.Long,flatcurvesarepreferableatalltimes,astheyarepleasinginappearanceanddecreasepossibilityoffutureobsolescence.However,alignm
8、entwithouttangentsisundesirableontwo-laneroadsbecauses
