资源描述：
《剑桥商务英语-剑桥商务英语中级模拟68》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、剑桥商务英语中级模拟68READINGPARTONE•Lookatthestatementsbelowandthecommentsonchangemanagementontheoppositepage・•Whichsection(A,B,CorD.doeseachstatement1-7referto?•Foreachstatement1-7,markoneletter(A,B,CorD..•Youwillneedtousesomeoftheselettersmorethanonce・A・Foroverthreedecades,academics,managers,an
2、dconsultants,realizingthattransformingorganizationsisdifficult,haveanalyzedthesubject.They1vesungthepraisesofleaderswhocommunicatevisionandwalkthetalkinordertomakechangeeffortssucceed.They1vesanctifiedtheimportanceofchangingorganizationalcultureandemployees1attitudes.They1veteasedoutthet
3、ensionsbetweentop-downtransformationeffortsandparticipatoryapproachestochange.Still,studiesshowthatinmostorganizations^twooutofthreetransformationinitiativesfail.B.Eachmanagerlooksataninitiativefromhisorherviewpointand,basedonpersonalexperience,focusesondifferentsuccessfactors.Theexperts
4、,too,offerdifferentperspectives.Arecentsearchforbooksonxchangeandmanagementzturnedup6,153titles^eachwithadistincttakeonthetopic•Thoseideashavealottooffer,buttaketogether,theyforcecompaniestotacklemanyprioritiessimultaneously,whichspreadsresourcesandskillsthin.C.Someofthehardfactorsthataf
5、fectatransformationinitiativearethetimenecessarytocompleteit,thenumberofpeoplerequiredtoexecuteit,andthefinancialresultsthatintendedactionsareexpectedtoachieve.Theresearchshowsthatchangeprojectsfailtogetoffthegroundwhencompaniesneglectthehardfactors•Thatdoesn11meanthatexecutivescanignore
6、thesoftelements；thatwouldbeagravemistake•However•Ifcompaniesdon11payattentiontothehardissuesfirst,transformationprogramswillbreakdownbeforethesoftelementscomeintoplay.D>Companiesassumethatthelongeraninitiativecarrieson.Themorelikelyitistofail—theearlyimpetuswillpeterout,windowsofopportun
7、itywillclose,objectiveswillbeforgotten,keysupporterswillleaveorlosetheirenthusiasm,andproblemswillaccumulate•However,contrarytopopularperception,alongprojectthatisreviewedfrequentlyismorelikelytosucceedthanashortprojectthatisn'treviewedfrequently.Thus,thetimebetweenreview
