英语词汇学复习

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1、英语词汇学复习的内容：一、考试题形式分为：Ⅰ.选择题(20分)：完全是考书中的理论与例子的结合,即知识点等。1-9cahptersⅡ.填空（30分）：考定义概念。1-10chaptersⅢ.（20分）习语英译汉：教材中汉语部分idioms:习语的特点Ⅳ.(10分)论述题：第三章为主Ⅴ.树形图（依据上下义关系作图）(20分)：第二、六章二、教材内容简介三、复习内容Introduction部分Lexicology这门课算哪一种学科的分支:Lexicologyisabranchoflinguistics.L

2、exicology和那些重要的学科建立了联系:1)Morphology2)Semantics3)Stylistics4)Etymology5)Lexicography研究lexicology的两大方法:1)Diachronicapproach:历时语言学2)Synchronicapproach:共时语言学e.g.wife纵观历时语言学的方法论，woman词义的变化算是词义变化的哪一种模式？Woman的词义的变化是Narrowingorspecialization第一章词的概述；1.识记：词的定义2.声

3、音与意义3.声音与拼写4.词汇5.词汇的分类Whatisword?词具有哪些特点？词的特点也就是对词的名词解释。1)Awordisaminimalfreeformofalanguage;2)Asoundunityoragivensound;3)aunitofmeaning;4)aformthatcanfunctionaloneinasentence.以上词的四个特点也就是词的名词解释词的分类（classificationofaword）词根据发音可以分为哪两种词？或者说词根据拼写可以分为哪两类词？1)

4、simplewords2)complexwords单音节词例子：e.g.Manandfinearesimple多音节词例子：e.g.Management,misfortune,blackmailmanagement可以次划分为manage和-mentmisfortune可以次划分为mis-和fortuneblackmail次划分为black和mailWhatistherelationshipbetweensoundandmeaning?1)Thereis‘nologicalrelationshipbe

5、tweenthesoundandactualthing.e.g.dog.cat2)Therelationshipbetweenthemisconventional.3)Indifferentlanguagesthesameconceptcanberepresentedbydifferentsounds.Whatisrelationshipbetweensoundandform?1)Thewrittenformofanaturallanguageisthewrittenrecordoftheoralfo

6、rm.Naturallythewrittenformshouldagreewiththeoralform,suchasEnglishlanguage.2)ThisisfairlytrueofEnglishinitsearlieststagei.e.OldEnglish3)Withthedevelopmentofthelanguage,moreandmoredifferencesoccurbetweenthetwo.Whatarethegreatchangesthatcausesillogicalrel

7、ationshiporirregularitybetweensoundandform?1)TheinternalreasonforthisisthattheEnglishalphabetwasadoptedfromtheRomans,whichdoesnothaveaseparatelettertorepresenteachsoundinthelanguagesothatsomelettersmustdodoubledutyorworktogetherincombination.2)Anotherre

8、asonisthatthepronunciationhaschangedmorerapidlythanspellingovertheyears,andinsomecasesthetwohavedrawnfarapart.3)Athirdreasonisthatsomeofthedifferenceswerecreatedbytheearlyscribes.4)Finallycomestheborrowing,whichisanimportantchann