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1、"Araby"BackgroundsIntroductionIreland'smajorreligion,RomanCatholicism,dominatedIrishculture,asitcontinuestodotodayalthoughtoalesserextent.ManyfamiliessenttheirchildrentoschoolsrunbyJesuitpriests(liketheonethenarratorinattends)andconventschoolsrunbynuns(liketheoneMangan'ssisterattends).Catholicis
2、misoftenseenasasourceofthefrequentconflictinIrishculturebetweensensualityandasceticism,aconflictthatfiguresprominentlyinJoyce'sautobiographicalnovelAPortraitoftheArtistasaYoungMan.Inmanyways,Catholicism,particularlyaspracticedattheturnofthecentury,wasanextremelysensuousreligion,emphasizingintens
3、epersonalspiritualexperienceandsurroundingitselfwithsuchrichtrappingsasbeautifulchurches,elegantpaintingsandstatues,otherworldlymusic,andsumptuousvestmentsandaltardecorations.Ontheotherhand,theChurch'sofficialattitudetowardenjoymentofthesensesandparticularlytowardsexualitywassevereandrestrictive
4、.TheidealwomanwastheVirginMary,whomiraculouslycombinedvirginalpuritywithmaternity.Motherhoodwasexalted,butanyenjoymentofsexuality,eveninmarriage,wasconsideredasin,aswerethepracticeofbirthcontrolandabortion.Theinabilitytoreconcilethespiritualandsensualaspectsofhumannaturecanbeseenintheboy'sfeelin
5、gstowardMangan'ssisterinHeimagineshisfeelingsforherasa"chalice"--asacredreligiousobject--andsoworshipfulishisattitudethathehesitateseventospeaktoher.Yethismemoriesofherfocusalmostexclusivelyonherbody--herfiguresilhouettedbythelight,the"softropeofherhair,""thewhitecurveofherneck,"theborderofherpe
6、tticoat.Eventheimageofthechaliceisambivalent,sinceitscup-likeshapeandfunctionsuggestsasexualconnotation.Theboyneverresolvesthisconflictbetweenspiritualityandsensuality.Instead,whenconfrontedwiththetawdrinessofashopgirl'sflirtationatthebazaar,heabruptlydismissesallhisfeelingsasmere"vanity."Introd
7、uctionofthestoryandtheauthor"Araby"isoneoffifteenshortstoriesthattogethermakeupJamesJoyce'scollection,Dubliners.AlthoughJoycewrotethestoriesbetween1904and1906,theywerenotpublisheduntil1914.DublinerspaintsaportraitoflifeinDub
