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1、"Araby"BackgroundsIntroductionIreland'smajorreligion,RomanCatholicism,dominatedIrishculture,asitcontinuestodotodayalthoughtoalesserextent.ManyfamiliessenttheirchildrentoschoolsrunbyJesuitpriests(liketheonethenarratorinattends)andconventschoolsrunbynuns(liketheo
2、neMangan'ssisterattends).CatholicismisoftenseenasasourceofthefrequentconflictinIrishculturebetweensensualityandasceticism,aconflictthatfiguresprominentlyinJoyce'sautobiographicalnovelAPortraitoftheArtistasaYoungMan.Inmanyways,Catholicism,particularlyaspracticed
3、attheturnofthecentury,wasanextremelysensuousreligion,emphasizingintensepersonalspiritualexperienceandsurroundingitselfwithsuchrichtrappingsasbeautifulchurches,elegantpaintingsandstatues,otherworldlymusic,andsumptuousvestmentsandaltardecorations.Ontheotherhand,t
4、heChurch'sofficialattitudetowardenjoymentofthesensesandparticularlytowardsexualitywassevereandrestrictive.TheidealwomanwastheVirginMary,whomiraculouslycombinedvirginalpuritywithmaternity.Motherhoodwasexalted,butanyenjoymentofsexuality,eveninmarriage,wasconsider
5、edasin,aswerethepracticeofbirthcontrolandabortion.Theinabilitytoreconcilethespiritualandsensualaspectsof资料humannaturecanbeseenintheboy'sfeelingstowardMangan'ssisterinHeimagineshisfeelingsforherasa"chalice"--asacredreligiousobject--andsoworshipfulishisattitudeth
6、athehesitateseventospeaktoher.Yethismemoriesofherfocusalmostexclusivelyonherbody--herfiguresilhouettedbythelight,the"softropeofherhair,""thewhitecurveofherneck,"theborderofherpetticoat.Eventheimageofthechaliceisambivalent,sinceitscup-likeshapeandfunctionsuggest
7、sasexualconnotation.Theboyneverresolvesthisconflictbetweenspiritualityandsensuality.Instead,whenconfrontedwiththetawdrinessofashopgirl'sflirtationatthebazaar,heabruptlydismissesallhisfeelingsasmere"vanity."Introductionofthestoryandtheauthor"Araby"isoneoffifteen
8、shortstoriesthattogethermakeupJamesJoyce'scollection,Dubliners.AlthoughJoycewrotethestoriesbetween1904and1906,theywerenotpublisheduntil1914.DublinerspaintsaportraitoflifeinD
