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1、MarkTwainSamuelLanghorneClemensMarkTwain,detailofphotobyMathewBrady,February 7, 1871BornNovember30,1835(1835-11-30)Florida,Missouri,UnitedStatesDiedApril21,1910(aged 74)Redding,ConnecticutPennameMarkTwainOccupationWriter,lecturerNationalityAmericanGenresFiction,historicalfiction,childr
2、en’sliterature,non-fiction,travelliterature,satire,essay,philosophicalliterature,socialcommentary,literarycriticismNotablework(s)AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn,TheAdventuresofTomSawyerInfluences[show]ArtemusWard,CharlesDickens,ThomasPaine,RobertHenryNewell,JoshBillings,AlexanderCarlyle,[1
3、]Pliny,Herodotus,Plutarch,WilliamDeanHowells,RobertBrowning[2]Influenced[show]KurtVonnegut,GoreVidal,ErnestHemingway,WilliamFaulkner,H.L.Mencken,HunterS.Thompson,HalHolbrook,JimmyBuffett,RonPowers,RalphEllison,KenKesey,RobertA.Heinlein[1]SignatureSamuelLanghorneClemens(November30,1835–
4、April21,1910),[3]betterknownbythepennameMarkTwain,wasanAmericanauthorandhumorist.TwainismostnotedforhisnovelsAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn,whichhassincebeencalledtheGreatAmericanNovel,[4]andTheAdventuresofTomSawyer.Heisextensivelyquoted.[5][6]Duringhislifetime,Twainbecameafriendtopreside
5、nts,artists,industrialistsandEuropeanroyalty.Twainenjoyedimmensepublicpopularity,andhiskeenwitandincisivesatireearnedhimpraisefrombothcriticsandpeers.AmericanauthorWilliamFaulknercalledTwain"thefatherofAmericanliterature."[7]BiographyEarlylifeSamuelLanghorneClemens,"MarkTwain",wasborni
6、nFlorida,MissourionNovember30,1835toaTennesseecountrymerchant,JohnMarshallClemens(August11,1798–March24,1847),andJaneLamptonClemens(June18,1803–October27,1890).[8]Hewasthesixthofsevenchildren.Onlythreeofhissiblingssurvivedchildhood.HisbrotherOrionlivedfromJuly17,1825toDecember11,1897.H
7、isbrotherHenry,whodiedinariverboatexplosion,livedfromJuly13,1838toJune21,1858,andhissisterPamelalivedfromSeptember19,1827toAugust31,1904).HissisterMargaret(May31,1830–August17,1839)diedwhenTwainwasthreeyearsold,andhisbrotherBenjamin(June8,1832–May12,1842)diedthreeyearslater.Anotherbr
