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1、高中英语语法——主谓一致富源县第一中学高二英语组李春Lead-inProof-reading:1.Themanwhostandoverthereishisfather.2.Onthetopofthemountainstandatree.3.50%ofthestudentsagreeswithhim.4.Halfofthemoneyhisfathergavehimhaverunout.主谓一致即谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称和数一致。什么是主谓一致？letmetellyouIamateacherSheoftendoesherhomeworkinthemornin
2、g.Thereisonlyoneboxonthetable.Thereare50studentsinourclass.但是如果主语不是单一的，或主语名词的数比较特殊时，其主谓一致一般要根据语法一致（从前原则）＼意义一致＼就近原则．一、语法一致原则一般来说，语法形式是单数的主语，谓语动词用单数形式，语法形式是复数的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。Eg:（1）Thebookisinteresting.（2）Weloveourmotherland.二、意义一致原则主、谓语的一致不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，而是取决于主语所表达的内在含义。主语形式虽为单数，但在意义上却为
3、复数，谓语动词应采取复数形式，主语形式虽为复数，但在意义上视为单数，谓语动词应采取单数形式。Eg（1）Thefamilywerefightingfortheirlives.这家人正为生存而战斗。（2）Threeyearsinastrangelandseemslikealongtime.在异乡生活的三年，仿佛是很长的时间。三、就近原则谓语动词根据它前面最邻近的名词或代词或其他词的数的形式，来决定其自身的数的形式。Eg(1)Notonlyhischildrenbutalsohehimselfwantstogothere.(2)EithermywifeorIamg
4、oingtoworkthere.就近原则的使用情况：当作主语的两个名词或代词由or,either…or,neither…nor,whether…or…..notonly…butalso…，not……but……连接时;在therebe…./herebe……句型中(1)There____alamp,twopensandthreebooksonthedesk.(2)Here____someenvelopesandpaperforyou..(3)Notonlyhisfamilybutalsohe_____(喜欢）Chaplin’smovies.(4)YouorI__
5、__goingtoreceivethemthisafternoon.isarelikesam5.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary____tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.be6.There______inthisroom.A.aretoomuchfurniture B.istoomanyfurnituresC.aretoomuchfurnituresD.istoomuchfurniture7.NeitherTomnorhisparents______athom
6、e.a.is b.are c.has d.was8.Eitherthedeanortheprincipal______themeeting.attendsb.attendc.areattending d.haveattended9.______waswrong.a.Nottheteacherbutthestudentsb.Boththestudentsandtheteacherc.Neithertheteachernotthestudentsd.Notthestudentsbuttheteacher有togetherwith,with,aswel
7、las,but,except,besides, ratherthan,including,along,alongwith,like.连接并列主语时,采取从前原则.1)They,togetherwithTom,_______goingtoswimthisafternoon.(be)2)Noonebutyourparents_____therethen.(be)3)He,likeyouandyourbrother,________veryclever.(be)4)Theteacher,includinghisstudents,_______goingtoseeP
8、rofessorTell.(be)5)Mary,to
