【李辉老师语法】05_主谓一致.pdf

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1、讲义·主谓一致谓语动词三要素：主被动、时态、主谓一致（虚拟语气、情态动词）主语和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致，就是主谓一致。也就是，如果名词中心词是单数，动词用单数形式；如果名词中心词是复数，动词用复数形式。Myfamily_is_(be)abigone.Myfamily_are_(be)watchingTV.family=整体（一个家）=单数family=家庭里所有的成员=复数【壹】语法形式一致原则一、主语中心词后面有表示“增、减、补充说明”的词组时，主谓一致仍看中心词表示增加的：aswe

2、llas,with,alongwith,togetherwith,inadditionto,accompaniedby,besides,plus等alongwith和inadditionto除此之外（包含前面的内容）besides除此之外（包含前面的内容）accompaniedby跟随着……plus加上，还有Theman(togetherwithhiswifeandchildren)sitsonthesofawatchingTV.那个人和他妻儿老小坐在沙发上看电视。Theman,hiswifea

3、ndtheirchildrensitonthesofawatchingTV.and是并列连词表示减去的：except,but（除去）等Allthestudents(exceptTom)havebeentoAmerica.-1-除汤姆外，其他学生都去过美国。Iwantnobodybutyou.表示补充说明的：including,ratherthan,like（像）,suchas等Thetextbook,plusitsreferencebooks,iswelldesigned.这本教材，还有参考

4、书，设计的都很好。SomeoneLikeYou小试牛刀1.（2004北京）Theteacher,(with6girlsand8boys)(ofherclass),______visitingamuseumwhentheearthquakestruck.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe2.（2012陕西）Thebasketballcoach,(aswellashisteam),______interviewedshortlyafterthematchfortheirout

5、standingperformance.A.wereB.wasC.isD.are3.（2007江西）Asurvey(oftheopinions)(ofexperts)______thatthreehours(ofoutdoorexerciseaweek)______goodforone'shealth.A.show;areB.shows;isC.show;isD.shows;are4.（2010四川）Suchpoets(asShakespeare)______widelyread,ofwhose

6、works,however,some______difficulttounderstand.A.are;areB.is;isC.are;isD.is:are5.（2007湖南）Welivedaybyday,butinthegreatthings,thetime(ofdaysandweeks)______sosmallthatadayisunimportant.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen二、从句作主语单个从句做主语时（=一件事），谓语动词用单数；多个从句做主语时（

7、=多件事），谓语动词用复数；由what引导的主语从句，参看【意义一致原则】部分。小试牛刀6.Howcloseparentsaretotheirchildren______astronginfluence(onthecharacter)(ofthechildren).A.areB.wereC.isD.was-2-7.Whenwearetoholdthesportsmeeting______beendecided.Whetherhesucceedsorfails______matter.A.hav

8、e;don’tB.has;don’tC.have;doesn’tD.has;doesn’t8.Thattheywerewrong(inthesematters)______nowcleartousall.A.isB.wasC.areD.were三、动词不定式（todo）、动名词（doing）作主语如果是一个动名词或动词不定式做主语（=一件事），谓语动词用单数。Lookingafterthechildrenismyfulltimejob.Todieforthepeopleisaworthydea