风格的要素：全球英语写作圣经

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1、TheElementsofStyleOliverStrunkContentsFOREWORDixINTRODUCTIONxiiiI.ELEMENTARYRULESOFUSAGE11.Formthepossessivesingularofnounsbyadding's.12.Inaseriesofthreeormoretermswithasingleconjunction,useacommaaftereachtermexceptthelast.23.Encloseparentheticexpressionsbetweencommas.24.Placeacommabeforeaconjunctio

2、nintroducinganindependentclause.55.Donotjoinindependentclauseswithacomma.56.Donotbreaksentencesintwo.77.Useacolonafteranindependentclausetointroducealistofparticulars,anappositive,anamplification,oranillustrativequotation.78.Useadashtosetoffanabruptbreakorinterruptionandtoannouncealongappositiveorsu

3、mmary.99.Thenumberofthesubjectdeterminesthenumberoftheverb.910.Usethepropercaseofpronoun.1111.Aparticipialphraseatthebeginningofasentencemustrefertothegrammaticalsubject.13II.ELEMENTARYPRINCIPLESOFCOMPOSITION1512.Chooseasuitabledesignandholdtoit.1513.Maketheparagraphtheunitofcomposition.1514.Usethea

4、ctivevoice.1815.Putstatementsinpositiveform.1916.Usedefinite,specific,concretelanguage.2117.Omitneedlesswords.2318.Avoidasuccessionofloosesentences.2519.Expresscoordinateideasinsimilarform.2620.Keeprelatedwordstogether.2821.Insummaries,keeptoonetense.3122.Placetheemphaticwordsofasentenceattheend.32I

5、II.AFEWMATTERSOFFORM34IV.WORDSANDEXPRESSIONSCOMMONLYMISUSED39V.ANAPPROACHTOSTYLE(WithaListofReminders)661.Placeyourselfinthebackground.702.Writeinawaythatcomesnaturally.703.Workfromasuitabledesign.704.Writewithnounsandverbs.715.Reviseandrewrite.726.Donotoverwrite.727.Donotoverstate.738.Avoidtheuseof

6、qualifiers.739.Donotaffectabreezymanner.7310.Useorthodoxspelling.7411.Donotexplaintoomuch.7512.Donotconstructawkwardadverbs.7513.Makesurethereaderknowswhoisspeaking.7614.Avoidfancywords.7615.Donotusedialectunlessyourearisgood.7816.Beclear.7917.Donotinjectopinion.7918.Usefiguresofspeechsparingly.8019

7、.Donottakeshortcutsatthecostofclarity.8020.Avoidforeignlanguages.8121.Preferthestandardtotheoffbeat.81AFTERWORD87GLOSSARY89INDEX97TheElementsofStyleIElementaryRulesofUsage1.Formthepossessivesingularof