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1、NaturalSymbols‘MaryDouglas’swritingremainsasfreshandvividasever.TheideasputforwardinNaturalSymbolshavebeentakenupwellbeyondthedisciplineofAnthropol-ogy,andshouldremaincompulsoryreadingforallstu-dentsofreligionandsociety.’FionaBowie,UniversityofBristol‘Astimelessasthesubtitle.Essential
2、readingforallthoseenthralledbyherbrilliantinsightsintothemean-ingoftheBiblethirtyyearson.’JohnSawyer,LancasterUniversity‘NaturalSymbolsisclearlyamajorworkinthegreatestofsociologicaltraditions,theDurkheimian.Ithasanoriginalityunmatchedforagenerationamongthewrit-ingsofanthropologists.It
3、raisesquestionsthatareimportantandsolublenotinthefieldbutbytheharder,lessinviting,workofreflectionandanalysis.’TimesLiterarySupplement‘NaturalSymbolsissointerestingthatonehopesthat...itwillbereadandbecomepartofnotonebutanum-berofdebatesinthesocialsciencesintheirmostvitalaspectsascentral
4、formsoftheself-consciousnessofourage.’TimesLiterarySupplementMaryDouglasNaturalSymbolsExplorationsincosmologyLondonandNewYorkFirstpublished1970byBarrie&Rockliff,LondonSecondeditionfirstpublishedbyRoutledge1996FirstpublishedinRoutledgeClassics2003byRoutledge11NewFetterLane,LondonEC4P4EE
5、29West35thStreet,NewYork,NY10001RoutledgeisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroupThiseditionpublishedintheTaylor&Francise-Library,2004.©1970,1973,1996MaryDouglasAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproducedorutilisedinanyformorbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans,nowknown
6、orhereafterinvented,includingphotocopyingandrecording,orinanyinformationstorageorretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublishers.BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationDataAcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibraryLibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationDat
7、aAcatalogrecordforthisbookhasbeenrequestedISBN0-203-42662-2Mastere-bookISBNISBN0-203-44046-3(AdobeeReaderFormat)ISBN0–415–31454–2(PrintEdition)CONTENTSListofdiagramsviAcknowledgementsviiIntroductionto1996editionxiIntroductionxxxii1Awayfromritual12Toinnerexperience213TheBogIrish394Grid
8、andgr