理性的本质【诺奇克】

《理性的本质【诺奇克】》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。

1、THENATUREOFRATIONALITYThispageintentionallyleftblankTHENATUREOFRATIONALITYRobertNozickPRINCETONUNIVERSITYPRESSPRINCETON,NEWJERSEYCOPYRIGHT¿1993BYROBERTNOZICKPUBLISHEDBYPRINCETONUNIVERSITYPRESS,41WILLIAMSTREET,PRINCETON,NEWJERSEY08540INTHEUNITEDKINGDOM:PRINCETONUNIVERSITYPRESS,CHICHESTER,WESTSUSSEX

2、ALLRIGHTSRESERVEDLIBRARYOFCONGRESSCATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATIONDATANOZICK,ROBERT.THENATUREOFRATIONALITY/ROBERTNOZICK.P.CM.INCLUDESINDEX.ISBN0-691-07424-01.REASONING.2.REASON.I.TITLE.BC177.N691993128¢.3—dc2092-46660THISBOOKHASBEENCOMPOSEDINADOBEPALATINOPRINCETONUNIVERSITYPRESSBOOKSAREPRINTEDONACID-FREE

3、PAPERANDMEETTHEGUIDELINESFORPERMANENCEANDDURABILITYOFTHECOMMITTEEONPRODUCTIONGUIDELINESFORBOOKLONGEVITYOFTHECOUNCILONLIBRARYRESOURCESPRINTEDINTHEUNITEDSTATESOFAMERICA13579108642ToCarlHempelANDTOTHEMEMORYOFGregoryVlastosThispageintentionallyleftblankCONTENTSACKNOWLEDGMENTSixINTRODUCTIONxiI.HowtoDoT

4、hingswithPrinciples3IntellectualFunctions3InterpersonalFunctions9PersonalFunctions12OvercomingTemptation14SunkCosts21SymbolicUtility26TeleologicalDevices35II.Decision-Value41Newcomb’sProblem41Prisoner’sDilemma50FinerDistinctions:ConsequencesandGoals59III.RationalBelief64CognitiveGoals67Responsiven

5、esstoReasons71RulesofRationality75Belief93Bias100IV.EvolutionaryReasons107ReasonsandFacts107FitnessandFunction114Rationality’sFunction119V.InstrumentalRationalityandItsLimits133IsInstrumentalRationalityEnough?133RationalPreferences139Testability,Interpretation,andConditionalization151Philosophical

6、Heuristics163Rationality’sImagination172viiiCONTENTSNOTES183SUBJECTINDEX219INDEXOFNAMES224ACKNOWLEDGMENTSHEFIRSTtwochaptersofthisbookwereoriginallydeliveredasTTannerLecturesatPrincetonUniversityonNovember13and15,1991.IhadbeenagraduatestudentatPrinceton,andthelectureswerededicated,asisthisbook,tomy

7、teachersthere.Chapters1and2arereprintedwiththepermissionoftheUniversityofUtahPressfromtheTannerLecturesonHumanValues,vol.14(SaltLakeCity:UniversityofUtahPress,¿1992).(Someadditionsandchangeshavebeenmadeintheversi