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1、新鲜高能量跖踰关节骨折脱位临床特点及治疗策略【摘要】[目的]回顾分析空心螺钉结合克氏针或单纯空心螺钉内固定方法的临床和影像学资料,探讨新鲜高能量跖附关节骨折脱位的临床特点及治疗策略。[方法]2002年9月-2008年4月应用空心螺钉结合克氏针或单纯空心螺钉内固定治疗43例新鲜高能量跖附关节骨折脱位患者,男35例,女8例;年龄18〜55岁,平均37.5岁。致伤原因:交通事故伤15例,重物压砸伤21例,高处坠落伤7例。左足28例,右足15例。按照Myerson分型:A型9例,E1型2例,B2型25例,C1型4例,C2型3例
2、。其中开放性损伤8例(GustiloI型6例,GustiloII型2例),闭合性损伤35例。伤后至手术内固定的时间平均4.6d(2.5h〜21d)o所有患者术后4〜6周拆除石膏开始功能锻炼,术后16〜18周去除内固定后开始部分负重行走。[结果]43例获得13〜38个月(平均26个月)随访。无感染、断钉、内固定松动、骨不连和足弓塌陷等并发症。参照周许辉疗效标准,优26例,良15例,中2例,优良率为95.3%o6例出现创伤性关节炎,均伴有伤后关节面的损伤。[结论]对新鲜高能量跖附关节骨折脱位患者采取正确的诊断方法和标准均能
3、确诊。早期诊断和正确分型、把握手术时机、解剖复位、合理的内固定和外固定及适时的功能锻炼是提高疗效的关键。【关键词】高能量损伤;跖附关节;骨折脱位;手术治疗Abstract:[Objective]Toinvestigatethecharacteristicsandtreatmentstrategyforfreshhighenergyfracturedislocationoftarsometatarsaljointsinaretrospectivestudy.[Method]FromSeptember2002toApril
4、2008,43patientswithfreshhighenergyfracturedislocationoftarsometatarsaljointsweretreatedwithcannulatedscrewcombinedwithKirschnerwirefixationorKirschnerwirefixationalone.Therewere35malesand8females,withameanageof37.5years(range,18to55years).Theinjurywascausedbyaro
5、adaccidentin15patients,byaheavycrashin21patients,andbyafallfromaheightin7patients.AccordingtotheMyersondamagetyping,therewere9casesoftypeA,2casesoftypeofBl,25casesoftypeB2,4casesoftypeCland3casesoftypeC2.Eightwereopeninjuries(6ofGust订oAndersontypeIand2oftypeII)a
6、nd35closedinjuries・Internalfixationwereundertakenatanaverageof4.6daysafterinjury(range,2.5hoursto21days)・At4-6weeksallthepatientsbeganfunctionalexercisesafterremovaloftheplastercasts.At16-18weeksallthepatientsbegantowalkwithpartialweighloadingafterremovalofthein
7、ternalfixators.[Result]Allthe43patientswerefollowedupfor26monthsonaverage(range,13to38months).Noinfection,breakage,looseningofinternalfixator,nonunionorlongitudinalarchcollapsewasfound.AccordingtoZHOU'Sassaystandard,excellentresuItwasachievedin26cases,goodin14ca
8、ses,andfairin3cases,withexcellenttogoodresuItsof95.3%.Sixpatientshadposttraumaticarthritis,whichwascomplicatedwithinjuredarticularsurface・[Conclusion]Freshhighenergyf