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1、谓语动词Z分词宝典ClassName_个句子当中,已经存在一个谓语动词,又没有连词,还有别的动词出现时,■加连词(and/because/but/so/if/though/even/or...)■放入从句(that/what/who/which...)■变为非谓语动词:・ing分词/done(・ed分词)/todo-ing作状语发生在谓语动词和主语主/被动(not)doing同时、基本同时主动(not)beingdone同时被动(not)havingdone之前主动(not)havingbeendone之前被动%1.分词的性质:分词相当于形容词和副
2、词,因此它的功能就具有形容词和副词功能%1.分词作定语、状语的句法功能分词表主动,进行;・ed分词表被动,完成。1作定语位置:短前长后单个分词+名词;名词+分词短语Makelessnoise.There'sasleepingchild.Lookattheleavesfallenonthecar.Howbeautiful!2作状语,常表动作发生的时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式、伴随等。现在分词doing和主句中主语有主动关系,过去分词done和主句中主语有被动关系。请找出逻辑主语,分析主被动:Waitingforthebus,wemethim.当
3、等车时,我们见到了他。Notknowinghowtodealwiththeproblem,Iturnedtotheteacherforhelp.Turningtotheright,youwillfindthehospital.如果你右拐,你会在那条街道的尽头找到医院。Givenanotherchance,Iwouldhavedonetheworkmuchbette匚Beingill,thegirlstillcametoclassyesterday.虽然病了,这个女孩仍然來上课了。Havingbeentoldmanytimes,thestudentm
4、adethesamemistakeagain.被告诉多次后,他乂…Theteacherwalkedintotheclassroom,followedbyagroupofstudents.%1.分词作状语时,常与句子的主语保持一致,分词前省略主语,且与句中主语有逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系;若分词主语不一致,要在分词前补上真正主语。如:1)Seeingfromthehill,youwillseethebeautifulcity.2)Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksverybeautiful.1)Timepermitting,wewi
5、llplayfootballthisafternoon,permitting逻车斤主语:time,ifu非we2)Ourhousepaintedwhite,welikeitbetter;(painted的逻辑主语为house非we)3)Itbeingsunny,wewillgototheGreatWall.2.该用什么分词?分词与其主语之间关系一►主动:现在分词,被动:过去分词。事实上,分词作状语可看成由状语从句变來的,尤其是时间、原因、条件、让步状语,常保留when,while,after,before,if,although>as等,使分词结构
6、所表达意思更明确。1)Whilewalkinginthestreetyesterday,Isawanewbookstore.=WhileIwaswalking...2)Afterfinishingthehomework,Iwenttobed.做完作业后,我去睡觉了o=AfterIfnished....3)Ifplayingallday,youwillwasteyourtime.如果整天玩就会浪费你时间=If1playallday,....4)Even讦invited,Iwillnotgo.即使请我去,我也不去。=Even讦Iaminvited,Iw
7、illnotgo.形容词化的・ing分词译为"令人…”,常描述物・ing物Ifsaninterestingbook.・ed分词译为“感到・・・”,常描述人・ed人Fminterestedinit.这类动词原形译为“使…”表示喜欢,厌烦,害怕等情感感受:使…interest使感兴趣excite使兴奋disappoint使失望tire使疲惫worry使担心surprise使惊讶-inginterestingexcitingdisappointingtiring令worried令surprising令人…有趣的令人兴奋的令人失望的人厌倦的人担心的令人惊奇
8、的-ed人interestedexciteddisappointedtired感worryingsurprised感到…感