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1、现在分词—、基础知识:现在分词(也叫动名词):表示主动和进行。基本形式:doing否定式:notdoing被动式:beingdone完成式:havingdone二、具体用法:1•动名词作主语和宾语:(1)把一个动词变成-ing形式可以当做名词来用,表示一种经常性、习惯性的动作,可在句中充当主语和宾语。eg:Workingwithyouisapleasure・Ilikereadinginmyfreetime・(2)可以用it做形式主语或形式宾语放在前面,再用动名词做真正的主语或宾语放在后面,这种用法常用于以下句式:①Itis/wasnouse/goodd
2、oingsth.做某事是没用的/没有好处的。eg:Ifsousebeggingforhismercy.It'uogoodsmokingtoomuch・②Itis/wasawasteroftimedoingsth.做某事是浪费时间的。eg:Itisawasteoftimecopyingothers^homework・③Itis/wasworthdoingsth.做某事是值得的。eg:Itwasworthmakinqtheeffort.④Thereis/wasnosenseindoingsth.做某事是没有道理的/意义的。eg:Thereisnosense
3、inarguingwithyourwife・⑤Thereis/wasnopoint(in)doingsth.做某事是没用的/无意义的。eg:Thereisnopointingettingangry.⑥Thereisnoshameindoingsth.做某事是不丢脸的。eg:Thereisnoshameinsayingsorrytoyourfriends・⑦Thereisnotelling...无法预言会…eg:Thereisnotellingwhatwillhappen.※注意:动名词作主语时,其前可用名词所有格和形容词性物主代词修饰,即onetdoi
4、ngsth•作主语。eg:Tom⑥einglateagainmadehisteacherangry.MygoingtoBeijingUniversityismyparents9biggestdream・(1)动名词作宾语分为两种情况:动名词后的宾语和介词后的宾语①有些动词后只能接动名词作宾语,常见的有:avoid,advise,allow,admit,appreciate,consider,deny,enjoy,keep,finish,suggest,dislike,delay,risk,escape,imagine,mind,miss,permit,
5、practice,fancy,cafihelp,bebusy,giveup,canfstand,feellike等。eg:Youmustavoidbeinghurtwhencrossingtheroad・②有些动词后丽接动名词也可接不定式作宾语,常见的有:A:start,begin,intend,attempt,continue等后接doing和todo无区别。B:like,love,prefer,hate等后接doing和todo略有区别,后接doing侧重经常习惯性的行为,后接todo侧重具体的某一次行为。eg:Ilikeswimminginsum
6、merbuttodayIliketoseeafilmathomeC:forget,remember,regret,stop,try,mean,goon,catihelp,beusedto等后接doing和todo的区别较大:j-regretdoing后悔做过某事°regrettodo遗憾要做某事ptrydoing尝试做某事ttrytodo努力做某事jgoondoing继续做原来的事tgoontodo继续做另一件事usedtodoing习惯于做某事usedtodo被用来做某事rremember/forgetdoing记得/忘记做过某事丫remember/
7、forgettodo记得/忘记要做某事rstopdoing停止做某事istoptodo停下来做另一件事rmeandoing意味着做某事丫meantodo想要做某事canlhelpdoing禁不住做某事canUielptodo不能帮忙做某事①介词to后接doing作宾语用于以下短语中:stickto,leadto,devoteto5seeto(照顾,负责),lookforwardto,lookupto(抬头看,尊敬,彳卬慕),payattentionto,getdownto(着手做某事),objectto(反对),makecontributionsto(
8、为…做贡献),beequalto(等于,胜任)②固定搭配:need/want/required