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1、考研英语长难句与英译汉主讲：董明毅2009-7-5翻译的初体验真题透析英译汉的关键点关于英译汉实战演练版块1英译汉“翻译就是理解和使人理解”一、中英文的区别☆二、考研英译汉概要☆三、考研翻译解题中的常见问题四、考研翻译解题的步骤、标准和方法中英文的区别☆1.英语重结构，汉语重语义2.英语多长句，汉语多短句3.英语多从句，汉语多分句4.英语多被动，汉语多主动5.英语多抽象，汉语多具体6.英语多变化，汉语多重复7.主语、宾语等名词成分“英语多代词，汉语多名词”8.英语多引申，汉语多推理9.英语多省略，汉语多补充10.英语多前
2、重心，汉语多后重心英语重结构，汉语重语义Weherehighlyresolvethatthesedeadshouldnotdieinvain-thatthisnation,undergod,shallhavenewbirthoffreedom--andthatgovernmentofthepeople,bythepeople,forthepeople,shallnotperishfromtheworld.“Weherehighlyresolve......”是整个句子的主句“thatthesedeadshouldnotd
3、ieinvain”，“thatthisnation,undergod,shallhavenewbirthoffreedom”“thatgovernmentofthepeople,bythepeople,forthepeople,shallnotperishfromtheworld.”等三个从句在最后一个从句之前还用了“and”这个连接词将几个从句连接起来。译文：我们在此立志誓愿，不能让他们白白死去－－要使这个国家在上帝庇佑之下，得到新生的自由－－要使民有、民治、民享的政府不致从地球上消失。英语重结构，汉语重语义英语形合例
4、子Ihaveadreamthatonedaythisnationwillriseupandliveoutthetruemeaningofitscreed-weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident,thatallmenarecreatedequal.IhaveadreamthatonedayontheredhillsofGeorgia,sonsofformerslavesandsonsofformerslave-ownerswillbeabletositdowntogetheratthetable
5、ofbrotherhood.Ihaveadreamthatoneday,eventhestateofMississippi,astateswelteringwiththeheatofinjustice,swelteringwiththeheatofoppression，willbetransformedintoanoasisoffreedomandjustice.英语重结构，汉语重语义Childrenwillplaywithdollsequippedwithpersonalitychips,computerswithin
6、builtpersonalitieswillberegardedasworkmatesratherthantools,relaxationwillbeinfrontofsmelltelevision,anddigitalagewillhavearrived.译文：儿童将与装有个性芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有个性内置的计算机将被视为工作伙伴而不是工具，人们将在气味电视前休闲，到这时数字时代就来到了。英语多长句，汉语多短句Interestinhistoricalmethodshadarisenlessthroughexterna
7、lchallengetothevalidityofhistoryasanintellectualdisciplineandmorefrominternalquarrelsamonghistoriansthemselves.译文：人们对历史研究方法产生了兴趣，这与其说是因为外部对历史作为一门知识学科的有效性提出了挑战，还不如说是因为历史学家内部发生了争吵。英语多从句，汉语多分句Onthewhole/suchaconclusioncanbedrawnwithacertaindegreeofconfidence/butonly
8、ifthechildcanbeassumedtohavehadthesameattitudetowardsthetestastheotherwithwhomheiscompared,/andonlyifhewasnotpunishedbylackofrelevantinformationwhichtheyposses
