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1、研究目的和意义生平资料简介威廉•莎士比亚WilliamShakespeare,公元1564年4月生于英格兰斯特拉福镇・1616年5月3日(儒略历4月23日),英国著名剧作家、诗人,他虽受过良好的基本教育,但是未上过大学。莎士比亚18岁时与一个26岁的女子结婚,他不满21岁时已有了三个孩子。几年后他来到伦敦,成为一名演员和剧作家。他三十而立,蜚声剧坛,四年后就已经成了英国戏剧界的泰斗。在随后的十年中他写了《儒略•凯撒》、《奥塞罗》、《麦克白》和《李尔王》这样的杰作。莎士比亚在伦敦住了二十多年,而在此期间他的妻子仍一直呆在斯特拉福。他在接近天命之年时隐退回归故里斯特拉福。
2、1616年莎士比亚在其五十二岁生日前后不幸去世。他的子孙都已经断宗绝代了。莎士比亚给世人留下了三十七部戏剧,其中包括一些他与别人合写的一般剧作。此外,他还写有一百五十四首十四行诗和三、四首长诗。WILLIAMSHAKESPEARE(1564-1616),Englishpoet,playerandplaywright,wasbaptizedintheparishchurchofStratfordupon・AvoninWarwickshireonthe26thofApril1564.Theexactdateofhisbirthisnotknown.Two.18th-cen
3、turyantiquaries,WilliamOldysandJosephGreene,gaveitasApril23,butwithoutquotingauthorityfortheirstatements,andthefactthatApril23wasthedayofShakespeare'sdeathin1616suggestsapossiblesourceoferror.InanycasehisbirthdaycannothavebeenlaterthanApril23,sincetheinscriptionuponhismonumeritisevidene
4、ethatonApril23,1616,hehadalreadybegunhisfifty-thirdyear.Hisfather,JohnShakespeare,wasaburgessoftherecentlyconstitutedcorporationofStratford,andhadalreadyfilledcertainminormunicipaloffices.From1561to1563hehadbeenoneofthetwochamberlainstowhomthefinanceofthetownwasentrusted.Byoccupationhew
5、asaglover,buthealsoappearstohavedealtfromtimetotimeinvariouskindsofagriculturalproduce,suchasbarley,timberandwool.Aubrey(Lives,1680)spokeofhimasabutcher,anditisquitepossiblethathebredandevenkilledthecalveswhoseskinshemanipulated.Heissometimesdescribedinformaldocumentsasayeoman,anditishi
6、ghlyprobablethathecombinedacertainamountoffarmingwiththepracticeofhistrade.HewaslivinginStratfordasearlyas1552,inwhichyearhewasfinedforhavingadunghillinHenleyStreet,buthedoesnotappeartohavebeenanativeofthetown,inwhoserecordsthenameisnotfoundbeforehistime;andhemayreasonablybeidentifiedwi
7、ththeJohnShakespeareofSnitterfield,whoadministeredthegoodsofhisfather,RichardShakespeare,in1561.SnitterfieldisavillageintheimmediateneighbourhoodofStra廿ord,andhereRichardShakespearehadbeensettledasafarmersince1529.ItispossiblethatJohnShakespearecarriedonthefarmforsometimeafterh