公司社会责任是为了增加利润【外文翻译】

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1、外文翻译TheSocialResponsibilityofBusinessIstoIncreaseItsProfitsMaterialSource:http://scholar.google.comAuthor:MiltonFriedmanWhenIhearbusinessmenspeakeloquentlyaboutthe“socialresponsibilitiesofbusinessinafree-enterprisesystem”,IamremindedofthewonderfullineabouttheFrenchmanwhodiscoveredattheageo

2、f70thathehadbeenspeakingproseallhislife.Thebusinessmenbelievethattheyaredefendingfreeenterprisewhentheydeclaimthatbusinessisnotconcerned“merely”withprofitbutalsowithpromotingdesirable“social”ends;thatbusinesshasa“socialconscience”andtakesseriouslyitsresponsibilitiesforprovidingemployment,e

3、liminatingdiscrimination,avoidingpollutionandwhateverelsemaybethecatchwordsofthecontemporarycropofreformers.Infacttheyare–orwouldbeiftheyoranyoneelsetookthemseriously–preachingpureandunadulteratedsocialism.Businessmenwhotalkthiswayareunwittingpuppetsoftheintellectualforcesthathavebeenunder

4、miningthebasisofafreesocietythesepastdecades.Thediscussionsofthe“socialresponsibilitiesofbusiness”arenotablefortheiranalyticalloosenessandlackofrigor.Whatdoesitmeantosaythat“business”hasresponsibilities?Onlypeoplecanhaveresponsibilities.Acorporationisanartificialpersonandinthissensemayhave

5、artificialresponsibilities,but“business”asawholecannotbesaidtohaveresponsibilities,eveninthisvaguesense.Thefirststeptowardclarityinexaminingthedoctrineofthesocialresponsibilityofbusinessistoaskpreciselywhatitimpliesforwhom.Inafree-enterprise,private-propertysystem,acorporateexecutiveisanem

6、ployeeoftheownersofthebusiness.Hehasdirectresponsibilitytohisemployers.Thatresponsibilityistoconductthebusinessinaccordancewiththeirdesires,whichgenerallywillbetomakeasmuchmoneyaspossiblewhileconformingtothebasicrulesofthesociety,boththoseembodiedinlawandthoseembodiedinethicalcustom.Ofcour

7、se,insomecaseshisemployersmayhaveadifferentobjective.Agroupofpersonsmightestablishacorporationforaneleemosynarypurpose–forexample,ahospitaloraschool.Themanagerofsuchacorporationwillnothavemoneyprofitashisobjectivebuttherenderingofcertain5services.Ineithercase,